由題材論柳永詞對敦煌詞的繼承與開展

本文以柳永詞與敦煌詞的關係為主題，由題材分類入手，探討柳永詞對敦煌詞的繼承與開展。歷來關於柳永詞的研究多集中於生平研究與個別題材之探論，較少由詞史的角度，嘗試為柳永詞溯源，觀察柳永詞與前代詞的互動。尤其是柳永詞與敦煌詞的關係，雖有部分文獻提及二者之關連性，但柳永詞如何繼承敦煌詞，又如何從敦煌詞中開展等論題，尚未獲得足夠的研究。職是之故，本文由題材入手，在逐首解析詞作的基礎上，將詞作依題材分門別類，論述柳永詞對敦煌詞的繼承與開展。首先將敦煌詞分為十六類，依序解讀，進而從中察得敦煌詞「多元風貌」、「雅俗雜揉」及「實用價值」三項歌詞意識。次而將柳永詞分作十五類，逐類解析後，探討柳詞「多樣化的呈現」與「實用的詞體意識」兩大詞體觀念。之後，綜合比較敦煌詞與柳永詞，可發現柳永詞在「女性主體意識」及「客觀詠物」兩方面對敦煌詞有所承襲，於「詞之實用性」方面則對敦煌詞有所拓展。本文舉出許多實例，並以較宏觀的詞史視角，論析柳永詞之於敦煌詞既有繼承，復有開展，期能加深研究者對柳永詞的認識。

關鍵字

宋詞；詞學；柳永詞；敦煌詞；題材論

並列摘要

This thesis examines the relationship between Liu Yong’s Ci poetry(柳永詞) and Dunhuang Ci poetry(敦煌詞). By categorizing the themes, it explores Liu Yong’s inheritance and development of Dunhuang Ci poetry. Previous research on Liu Yong’s Ci poetry has predominantly concentrated on biographical studies or the interpretation of certain themes, neglecting the diachronic connections and interactions between his work and earlier Ci poetry. Although some studies have acknowledged the connection between Liu Yong’s Ci poetry and Dunhuang Ci poetry, there is still insufficient research on how Liu Yong inherited and developed from Dunhuang Ci poetry. Therefore, this thesis systematically categorizes the themes of Liu Yong’s Ci poetry to analyze his inheritance and development of Dunhuang Ci poetry. Firstly, Dunhuang Ci poetry is divided into sixteen categories and analyzed sequentially, identifying three major Ci consciousnesses: “diverse styles,” “integration of elegance and vulgarity,” and “practical value.” Secondly, Liu Yong’s Ci poetry is segmented into fifteen categories, analyzed individually to uncover his two main poetic concepts: “the presentation of diversity” and “practical poetic thought.” Through a comprehensive comparison between Dunhuang Ci poetry and Liu Yong’s Ci poetry, this thesis reveals that Liu Yong inherited the “female subjectivity” and “objective depiction of objects” from Dunhuang Ci poetry, while expanding on the “practicality of Ci poetry.” The thesis provides numerous examples and conducts a thorough analysis on Liu Yong’s inheritance and development from a broader historical perspective, aiming to enhance scholars’ understanding of Liu Yong’s Ci poetry.