- 學位論文
四十赫茲對視覺空間注意力、視覺閾值、視覺空間記憶力無促進效果
Forty Hertz Does Not Have a Promoting Effect on Visual Spatial Attention, Visual Threshold, and Visual Spatial Memory
摘要
過去的研究已經發現， 40 赫茲的聲光刺激可以改善阿茲海默症小鼠的病理狀況，並促進認知功能。然而，關於人類的研究仍很少，且結果也存在分歧。在我們的研究中，我們將受試者分為實驗組和對照組，來探討 40 赫茲刺激是否能夠促進注意力、工作記憶以及視覺閾值的作業表現。在實驗一中，我們使用燈泡作為 40 赫茲的刺激來源，並發現除了有練習效果外，也對視覺閾值有正向的促進效果。但在實驗二中，我們對階梯法的測量進行了修改並控制了練習效果，這種效果就無法成功複製。在實驗三中，我們使用螢幕作為刺激源，並將刺激頻率設定為 48 赫茲。在實驗四中，我們使用外接螢幕和音頻作為刺激源，同時對視覺和聽覺進行 40 赫茲的刺激。這兩種實驗都只在 40（48）赫茲組中發現了練習效果的消失。在實驗五中，我們改為測試視覺空間記憶力，但並未發現任何組間或組內差異。實驗六中，我們量測不同空間頻率下是否有差異，結果同樣並未發現任何差異。最後，在實驗七中，我們改用40赫茲低音音頻而非雙耳節拍，結果發現唯獨 40 赫茲組在視覺空間記憶力中正確率變高與反應時間變快改善，然而兩組的後測差異以及組別的交互作用仍然沒有顯著。綜合以上的結果，我們認為 40 赫茲對於視覺空間注意力、視覺閾值、視覺空間記憶力皆無促進效果。
並列摘要
Previous research has demonstrated that 40-hertz audio-visual stimulation can improve the pathological conditions and promote cognitive function in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. However, limited research has been conducted on humans, and the results have been inconsistent. In our study, we divided participants into an experimental group and a control group to investigate whether 40-hertz stimulation could enhance performance in attention, working memory, and visual threshold tasks.In Experiment 1, we used light bulbs as the source of 40-hertz stimulation and found a positive effect on visual threshold, in addition to a practice effect. However, in Experiment 2, despite modifying the measurement procedure using a staircase method and controlling for practice effects, we were unable to replicate this effect.In Experiment 3, we used a screen as the stimulus source and set the stimulation frequency to 48 hertz. In Experiment 4, we employed an external screen and audio as stimulus sources, simultaneously applying 40-hertz stimulation to both visual and auditory modalities. Both experiments only revealed the disappearance of practice effects in the 40 (48) hertz group.Experiment 5 focused on testing visual spatial memory but did not identify any significant differences between or within groups. In Experiment 6, we measured differences in various spatial frequencies, yet again, no significant differences were found.Finally, in Experiment 7, we replaced binaural beats with 40-hertz low-frequency sound, and the results showed an improved accuracy and faster response time in visual spatial memory only for the 40-hertz group. However, no significant differences were observed in the post-test comparison between the two groups or in the interaction effect between groups.Based on the comprehensive results, we conclude that 40-hertz stimulation does not have a promoting effect on visual spatial attention, visual threshold, or visual spatial memory.