職業安全感電因素災害防治放入設計階段與成效研究

感電危害是勞工無形的殺手，依據勞動部職業安全署近十年的感電危害統計，營造業、製造業、電力及燃氣供應業以及其他產業四種分類之感電職災發生人次，皆都還有40人次以上，發生感電危害的傷害通常都是非常巨大，不是重傷就是死亡。學生以現場經驗以及勞工施工習慣，希望藉由此研究，除了職業安全衛生法規定之風險評估以及教育訓練還有職業安全設施規則規定的感電措施預防外，利用設計階段能將感電危害之標誌以及危害預防措施納入設計圖與施工圖內，藉由勞工在施工與運維前能再次的提醒該次施工與運維具有感電危害需要再次確認感電預防措施是否有準備齊全。另外利用電氣盤與變壓器3D模型安全距離模組化，讓設計單位能直接以模組套入3D模型內，能讓勞工在施工與運維前能確認該施工區域的空間概念，以及確認電氣設備位置之安全距離。藉由此概念能大幅減少感電危害的發生。上述之研究成果在藉由專家訪談之方式，依據專家之營造業、勞安專業以及電力專業之實際經驗，以訪談結果提出結論、建議以及未來之研究方向。此次論文主要期望透過先期設計能於施工前一刻再次的提醒感電危害預防措施是否都有確實準備，將感電危害發生機率降低，為本研究之主要目的。

關鍵字

感電危害；感電預防措施；職業安全衛生法；職業安全設施規則

並列摘要

Electrical hazard is labor invisible killer, according to the ministry of labor occupational safety department nearly a decade of inductive hazard statistics, industry, manufacturing, electricity and gas supply and other industries four kinds of classification of electric disaster people, there are more than 40 people, inductive hazard damage is usually very huge, not serious injury is death. Students with site experience and labor construction habits, hope that through this study, in addition to the occupational safety and health law risk assessment and education training and occupational safety facilities rules of inductive measures prevention, using the design stage can inductive hazard signs and hazard prevention measures into the design and construction drawing, by the labor before construction and operations can remind again the construction and operations with inductive hazards need to confirm the inductive preventive measures are ready. In addition, the safe distance between the electric disk and the transformer is formed, so that the design unit can directly put the module into the 3D model with the module, so that the labor can confirm the space concept of the construction area and the safe distance of the electrical equipment location before the construction and operation and maintenance. This concept can greatly reduce the occurrence of inductive hazards. The above research results make conclusions, suggestions and future research directions based on the basis of the actual experience of the construction industry, labor safety profession and electric power profession. The main purpose of this paper is to remind us whether it is a real preparation for the inductive hazard precautions and to reduce the probability of the inductive hazard.