- 學位論文
臺灣年輕夫妻與父母及配偶父母的代間交換模式之異同
Differences and Similarities in Patterns of Intergenerational Exchange with Parents and Parents-in-law between Young Married Couples in Taiwan
摘要
本研究目的有二：（1）探究台灣年輕已婚夫妻與雙方父母的代間交換類型；（2）分析夫妻、雙方父母及代間特徵與代間交換類型之間的關係。分析資料來自中央研究院社會學研究所「家庭與生命歷程研究小組」推行的長期追蹤調查研究，「臺灣青少年成長歷程研究」的第二階段第三次成年期調查之成人合併樣本第三波（TYP2017）及配偶樣本第三波（TYP2018）作為分析樣本。採用潛在類別分析法界定代間交換類型，並使用五項判準描述交換內容，以概念化並命名各潛在交換類型。這五項判準分別為：夫妻交換傾向、家庭交換傾向、父母交換傾向、資源轉移流向、經常交換的百分比。再以多類別邏輯迴歸探討夫妻、父母和代間特性與潛在代間交換類型的關係。研究發現：臺灣年輕夫妻家庭的代間資源交換類型有32% 屬於「夫妻低交換型」、22% 屬於「夫妻與男方父母交換型」、18% 屬於「妻子與女方父母交換型」、15% 屬於「夫妻勞務接受型」，以及13% 屬於「丈夫高交換型」。顯示台灣年輕夫妻與雙方父母的代間交換模式結合了父權、母權和平權的特徵。此外，本研究也發現夫妻、雙方父母及代間特徵都與臺灣年輕夫妻家庭的代間交換類型有關。顯著的夫妻特徵包括同住狀態、小孩照護需求、夫妻相對個人收入、旗子的工作狀態、相對孝道態度、相對弱化父權規範態度、相對性別角色平等態度，以及有無兄弟；顯著的父母特徵包括健康狀態、婚姻狀態以及平均教育年齡；顯著的代間特徵包括夫/妻感知關係滿意度。
並列摘要
This study aims to explore the underlying structure of intergenerational exchange with their parents and parents-in-law between young married Taiwanese couples and investigate the couple, parental, and intergenerational characteristics that differentiate the intergenerational exchange classes. Using the dyadic couple data from the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP) in 2017-2018, collected by the Family and Life Course Research Group of the Institute of Sociology in Academia Sinica, this study employed latent class models to identify the distinct patterns of intergenerational exchange and offered five criteria of exchange contents, including couple active role, family exchange proneness, parental exchange proneness, resources transfer flow, and percent of intensive exchanges, to conceptually characterize the features of each class. The findings revealed five distinct patterns of intergenerational exchange, which named “Couple with Very Low Exchanges (32 percent),” “Couple with Pro-Paternal Exchanges (22 percent),” “Wife with Pro-Maternal Exchanges (18 percent),” “Couple with Labor Receiving (15 percent),” and “Husband with High Exchanges (13 percent).” In addition, this study discovered that the intergenerational exchange patterns of Taiwanese couples are a combination of patriarchal, matriarchal, and egalitarian features. Moreover, the multinomial logit results indicated that the couple, parental, and intergenerational factors are correlated to intergenerational exchange patterns. Significant couple factors including coresidence status, child care labor demand, relative personal income, wife’s employment status, relative filial piety, relative weakened patriarchal norms, relative gender role egalitarian attitude, and have brother; significant parental factors including health status, marital status, and average educational years; and significant intergenerational factors including husband/wife perceived relationship satisfaction.