同步提升技術於大跨度鋼網殼結構之應用及效益分析：以臺北大巨蛋為例

近年來各國對於多功能體育館、機棚等設施的興建需求增加，使大跨度鋼結構的施工技術與力學問題更加受到重視，由於相關建築朝向規模更大、設計更複雜的方向發展，這些結構常以曲面網格結構（又稱網殼）的形式建造，因其兼具桿件結構與薄殼的特性，可滿足較大的跨度及更多元的設計，其中屋頂構件的安裝方式為此類工程的關鍵課題之一。傳統通常以單元吊裝工法進行大跨度鋼構屋頂的施工，此工法需於高空進行大量焊接，對於大跨度網殼而言，於安全風險、焊接品質、工期等方面管控尤其不易。而液壓整體提升工法能將大部分構件於地面組裝，再利用提升設備一次安裝至定位，雖然能克服傳統工法的缺點，但對於大型網殼而言，其在多吊點配置、吊點受力控制、同步提升控制、變形量控制及接口對位控制等方面常具有工法規劃或施工上的限制。故本文藉由臺北大巨蛋案例進行個案分析研究，分析其成功應用提升工法之關鍵因素，包含變形與撓度控制、姿態調整、同步控制等策略，並以提升工法的施工成果與其原始規劃之單元吊裝工法進行比較，探討採用提升工法對於大型網殼結構所得的效益。由研究探討之結果得知，大巨蛋採用了增加內圈吊點配置、分次提升與提升後高程校正方法等方式，並由液壓設備的布置與控制臺的主從位移同步策略滿足同步提升的精準控制，由於該案例為不對稱大跨度網殼結構，故吊點配置與結構姿態校正之方法皆不同於以往的提升案例。最後，由施工方案的比較指出，整體提升工法相對於傳統吊裝工法在施工安全、品質、成本及工期等方面皆更具效益，對於跨度愈大的結構，這些效益將更為凸顯。本研究探討了大巨蛋成功應用同步提升技術於大型網殼結構的施工，並獲得施工效益，能提供未來相關工程作為參考。

關鍵字

鋼構屋頂；網殼；液壓提升；同步控制；施工方法

並列摘要

In recent years, the demand for constructing multifunctional stadiums, hangars, and similar facilities has increased globally, drawing more attention to the construction techniques and mechanical issues of large-span steel structures. As these structures evolve towards larger scales and more complex designs, they are often built using curved grid structures (also known as gridshells), which combine the characteristics of truss structures and shells, allowing for larger spans and more diverse designs. The installation method of roof components is a crucial aspect of such projects. Traditionally, the unit hoisting method is used for constructing large-span steel roofs. This method involves extensive welding at high altitudes, posing significant challenges in safety, welding quality, and schedule control, especially for large-span gridshells. Conversely, the hydraulic lifting method allows most components to be assembled on the ground before being lifted into place in a single operation. While this method overcomes many drawbacks of traditional techniques, it often faces planning and operational constraints for large gridshells, such as multi-point lifting configuration, load control at lifting points, synchronous lifting control, deformation control, and alignment accuracy. This study conducts a case analysis of the Taipei Dome, examining the critical factors for its successful application of the hydraulic lifting method, including deformation and deflection control, posture adjustment, and synchronous control strategies. The study compares the construction outcomes of the lifting method with the originally planned unit hoisting method, exploring the benefits of using the lifting method for large gridshell structures. The results reveal that the Taipei Dome implemented strategies such as increasing inner lifting points, staged lifting, and post-lift elevation correction. The layout of the hydraulic equipment and the master-slave displacement synchronization strategy of the control center ensured precise control of synchronous lifting. Due to the asymmetric large-span gridshell structure of the Taipei Dome, the lifting point configuration and structural posture correction methods differed from previous lifting cases. Finally, the comparison of construction plans indicates that the integral Lifting method offers superior benefits in terms of safety, quality, cost, and schedule compared to traditional hoisting methods. These benefits become more pronounced as the span of the structure increases. This research highlights the successful application of synchronous lifting technology in the construction of the Taipei Dome's large gridshell structure and provides insights for future related projects.