疫情之下臺灣中小型家具業的衝擊與應對之分析

在COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) 這波疫情席捲之下，全球各行各業無論是財務、人力、供應鏈等各個層級均受到不同程度的影響，由於臺灣的疫情狀況及整體發展與其他國家相距甚遠，產業受到的影響亦不相同，更能凸顯臺灣與國外的產業變化落差。本研究將研究產業鎖定為與森林有關的家具產業，由於國內家具產業以中小型企業為主，因此便進一步將目標鎖定在臺灣的中小型家具業，希望能了解，「臺灣中小型家具產業在疫情爆發後營運方面所受到的影響」和「家具產業面對這些影響採取哪些應對措施」。本研究透過半結構式訪談分析質化內容，將其歸納結果設計問卷題項，接著使用問卷調查收集研究數據，而後進行量化數據分析。最終共訪談7家業者，並且回收30分有效問卷。結果發現在疫情發生後，受測族群認為產品製造、國外進貨與國內進貨都有受到負面影響，此外大多廠商依舊採取典型的被動式行銷，人力資源方面大多選擇調整營業時間，少數有在進行研發的廠商則表示資金與人力皆有投入更多，財務表現雖然貸款並無增加，但現金流也有下降的現象。廠商普遍對數位轉型與數位行銷沒有顯著意願，對遠距化則是沒有意願，推論是因為消費者仍保持「觸摸產品」的習慣。另外，現金流充足與否與數位轉型和數位行銷具有顯著相關性，企業的總員工人數與數位轉型和遠距化具有顯著相關性，而企業內非家族成員員工人數僅與遠距化具有相關性。

關鍵字

中小型企業； COVID-19 ；家具業；質性研究；量化研究

並列摘要

Under the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) pandemic, industries worldwide have been impacted at different levels in terms of finance, human resources, and supply chain. Taiwan's unique pandemic situation and overall development have led to varying effects on industries, highlighting the disparity between Taiwan and other countries in terms of industrial changes. This research focuses on the furniture industry related to forestry and specifically targets Taiwan's small and medium-sized furniture businesses, given that the domestic furniture industry is mainly comprised of such enterprises. The study aims to understand the impact of the pandemic on Taiwan's small and medium-sized furniture industry and the coping measures adopted by the furniture businesses. The research utilizes semi-structured interviews to analyze qualitative content, which is then used to design questionnaire items. Subsequently, a quantitative data analysis is conducted through a survey to collect research data. A total of 7 businesses were interviewed, and 30 valid questionnaires were collected. The results indicate that after the pandemic outbreak, the surveyed businesses perceived negative impacts on product manufacturing, foreign and domestic imports. Most businesses continued to adopt conventional passive marketing strategies, and in terms of human resources, many chose to adjust their operating hours. A few businesses engaged in research and development mentioned increased investments in both funds and human resources. Although loan amounts did not increase, there was a decline in cash flow. Generally, businesses showed little willingness to pursue digital transformation and digital marketing, and they also exhibited reluctance towards remote operations, which may be attributed to consumers' continued preference for physical interaction with products. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between cash flow adequacy and the willingness to undertake digital transformation and digital marketing. The total number of employees in a company showed significant correlations with digital transformation and remote operations, while only non-family member employees showed a correlation with remote operations.