摘要
翡翠水庫其功能性與安全性維繫整個大台北地區數百萬居民，從西元1987年至今已運行了30多年，應針對其監測與安全系統朝自動化與數位化的方向做改良與更新，大壩安全受到結構老化的嚴重影響，而且大壩若產生異常變化時通常較複雜且危險，為了提早發現異常，必須針對壩體進行監測，利於即時進行補救以避免重大傷害，因此，大壩的變位監測、分析及預測已經成為國際間日益關注的問題。 又混凝土之材料性質相當複雜，其中混凝土受外力加載後，除了瞬時彈性變形外，之後隨時間增加而隨之產生額外變形稱為潛變，加上溫度對拱壩之力學行為影響很大，故本研究考慮潛變效應及溫度效應對翡翠大壩壩體長期變形趨勢之影響。 本研究以有限元素分析軟體ABAQUS建立翡翠水庫三維結構體變位分析模型，考慮水位變化加載於壩體上，並將翡翠水庫各部位之齡期以施工歷時區分為29個不同齡期，各別考慮對應齡期之潛變效應，溫度效應的部分，則先以表面溫度監測資料為邊界條件，利用ABAQUS做熱傳分析得到元素各點之溫度分布分析結果，同時加上環境溫度對壩體的影響。 分析結果顯示，水位變化對翡翠大壩之變位主要受到其水壓力作用影響，其變形方向向下游側變形，潛變效應則由於水位加載的因素也同樣往下游側變形，並有隨時間增加而變位量與影響程度增加的現象，而溫度效應則因為熱漲冷縮使得溫度主要提供的變形方向為向上游側變形，與水位及潛變效應之變形方向抗衡，考慮水位加載、潛變效應、溫度效應同時作用之翡翠大壩變位分析結果可預測出合理且可信的變位值，其中以溫度影響最大，水位次之，潛變最小，但也隨時間影響逐漸增加。
並列摘要
The function and safety of the Feitsui Reservoir maintains the living requirement of millions of residents in the Greater Taipei area. It has been in operation for more than 30 years since 1987. It should be improved and updated in the direction of automation and digitalization of its monitoring and safety system. Safety is seriously affected by structural aging, and behaviors of dam are often complex and dangerous if they cause abnormal changes. In order to detect early abnormal response, monitoring must be carried out on the dams to facilitate immediate remediation to avoid major damage. Therefore, dam displacement Monitoring, analysis and forecasting have become an increasingly important issue in the international arena. Moreover, the material properties of concrete are quite complicated. After the concrete is loaded by external force, in addition to the instantaneous elastic deformation, the additional deformation which occurs with the increase of time is called the creep, and the temperature has a great influence on the mechanical behavior of the arch dam. This study considers the effects of concrete creep and temperature effects on the long-term deformation trend of the Feitsui concrete dam. In this study, the finite element analysis software ABAQUS was used to establish the three-dimensional structural analysis model of the Feisui Reservoir. The water level changes were applied to the dam body, and the ages of various parts of the Feitsui arch dam were divided into 29 different ages by construction duration. Considering the creep effect corresponding to the age, the part of the temperature effect is firstly based on the surface temperature monitoring data, and the ABAQUS is used for the heat transfer analysis to obtain the temperature distribution analysis results of the elements, and the ambient temperature is applied to the dam surface. The analysis results show that the deformation direction of the Feitsui Dam is deformed to the downstream side by the water pressure. The creep effect is also deformed to the downstream side due to the water pressure, and increased with time. The temperature effect is caused by the thermal expansion and contraction, so that the deformation direction mainly provided by the temperature is deformed toward the upstream side, comparing with the deformation direction of the water level and the creeping effect. Considering the water level loading, creep and temperature effect, the results of the deformation analysis of the Feitsui Dam can predict reasonable and credible displacement values, with the temperature impacting the most, the water level being the second, and the creep being the smallest, but also gradually increases with time.