社會資本對COVID-19感染及預防的影響：台灣調查的案例研究

COVID-19對全球都造成了深遠的影響，為了有效應對疫情，各國政府無不期望透過不同的防疫措施遏止疫情蔓延及減緩其衝擊，其中防疫措施的有效性，除了仰賴政府回應的效能外，民眾的配合程度也至關重要，而社會資本在促進集體行動的面向為此提供了理論的解釋途徑，然而社會資本作為一個多層面的概念，不同的組成面向可能產生不同的疫情效果。因而本文以社會信任、政治信任和社團參與作為社會資本的組成，檢視其對個人染疫與疫苗接種意願在台灣的影響，以釐清社會資本在疫情中的可能作用。透過分析「亞洲民主動態調查」（Asian Barometer Survey, ABS）第六波關於台灣的調查資料，本文發現社會信任高者有較高機率染疫，政治信任高者也有較高的疫苗接種意願，社團參與對染疫與疫苗接種意願則沒有發現顯著相關性，本文以上述發現總結社會資本不同面向可能對疫情產生正反皆有的影響。

關鍵字

COVID-19 ；社會資本；社會信任；政治信任；社團參與；染疫；疫苗

並列摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound global impact for the past three years. During the pandemic, governments worldwide have sought to curb its spread and mitigate its impact through various prevention measures. The effectiveness of these measures depends on the government's response and, crucially, the level of public cooperation. The concept of social capital, which promotes collective action, provides a theoretical framework to explain public cooperation. However, as social capital comprises multiple dimensions, its different components may have varying effects on the pandemic. This thesis primarily focuses on social trust, political trust, and group participation as components of social capital and examine their influence on individual COVID-19 infection and willingness to be vaccinated in Taiwan. Upon analyzing the sixth wave of the Asian Barometer Survey (ABS) on Taiwan, the result reveals individuals with high social trust are more likely to contract COVID-19, while those with high political trust also show a greater willingness to be vaccinated. However, no significant correlation is found between group participation and both infection and vaccination willingness after controlling for a set of relevant variables. In conclusion, this study suggests various aspects of social capital may have both positive and negative impacts on the epidemic.