父母職業對個人成就的影響：以軍公教家庭為例

本文使用「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫」(Taiwan Education Panel Survey，簡稱 TEPS)中，2001 年與 2003 年高中職、五專學生資料與家長資料，以及「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫後續調查：教育與勞力市場的連結」(Taiwan Education Panel Survey and Beyond，簡稱 TEPS–B) 中，2009 年與 2010 年後續追蹤資料，探究父母職業對個人成就的影響。首先，父母職業對學業成績的實證分析結果顯示，教師家庭的學生有比較好的學業表現，而公部門家庭在控制父、母親教育程度後，父母職業對學業成績帶來的影響效果已不復存在。升學方面，是否就讀大學並不會受到父母職業影響，然而，在就讀國立大學部分，父母為教師對學生就讀國立大學帶來的影響最大，教師子女有較高的機率就讀國立大學。最後，個人就業薪資的研究結果顯示，教師家庭的學生，就業後的第一份薪資會比父母非為教師的學生高，公部門家庭則無顯著影響效果。軍公教族群中，父親或母親職業為教師的學生在學業、升學與就業方面都擁有較高的成就表現，可以想見，軍公教家庭的優勢來自於子女的教育補助費，但造成軍公教族群間最主要的差異來自於父母的教育程度以及家庭條件，總的來說，父親或母親的軍公教就職身分對個人成就會帶來正向影響。

關鍵字

軍公教；國立大學；薪資；教育成就；父母職業

並列摘要

This research is based on the data of students and parents of high school, vocational high school, five - year junior college program in 2001 and 2003 in the Taiwan Education Panel Survey, as well as the follow up data in the Taiwan Education Panel Survey and Beyond (TEPS - B) in 2009 and 2010, in order to further explore the impact of parents’ occupations on personal achievements. It can be seen from the results of this study that the empirical analysis of parents’ occupations on students’ academic performance shows that students from teachers’ families have better academic performance. However, for public sector families, after the parents’ education level becomes a controlling variable, the effect of parental occupation on academic performance no longer exists. As for students’ advancement, whether they go to university or not will not be affected by their parents’ careers. However, with regard to whether to attend a national university, students whose parents are teachers have the greatest influence on the choice of national universities; teachers’ children have a higher chance of attending national universities. Finally, it is worth mentioning that the research on personal employment salary shows that students from teachers’ families will get a higher first salary after employment than students whose parents are not teachers, and there is no significant effect in public sector families. In conclusion, among soldiers, public servants, or teachers, students whose father or mother’s occupation is teachers have higher achievement performance in terms of academics, advancement and employment. It can be estimated that the advantage of these families comes from the education subsidies for their children. Nonetheless, the main difference between this group is the education level of the parents and family conditions. In general, the status of a father or mother as a soldier, public servant, or teacher will have a positive impact on the personal achievement of a student.