- 學位論文
日本共產黨及其對中國的看法：以對中國共產黨的關係為主
The Japanese Communist Party and Its Approach to China: On the Relationship with the Chinese Communist Party
摘要
擁有近百年歷史的日本共產黨，是當今日本歷史最為悠久的政黨，也是資本主義國家規模最為龐大的共產黨之一，在國際共產主義運動中有一定的地位。在日中關係上，日本共產黨長期以來都被認為是對中國較為友好的政黨，過去與中共也都同屬於共產國際成員，但是日本共產黨堅持自主獨立路線、與中國共產黨長年交惡也是世人皆知，直到一九九八年兩黨簽訂協議改善關係，兩黨才重新展開各種交流。 對於日本共產黨與中共為何會發生對立與衝突，過去長期以來，研究者都將兩黨交惡原因歸根於毛澤東發動文化大革命推動革命輸出，與中共對日本共產黨路線的批判，導致日本共產黨的反彈。但本研究發現，日本共產黨在二戰後產生日本民族認識，以及自主獨立路線的提出，才是兩黨逐漸由盟友走向衝突的根本原因。而且日本共產黨主要面對的對象是作為社會主義陣營領袖的蘇聯，而並非中共與中國。 本研究先以文獻研究方式，運用日本共產黨的公開出版品與黨機關報紙《新聞赤旗》(Shinbun Akahata)為主要文本，以及其他相關出版品與史料佐證，除了重新回顧日本共產黨黨史與其意識形態發展之外，並且整理有關日本共產黨對於中國議題的各種論文與公開評論，將日本共產黨黨史與其對中國論述的資料重新整理，釐清其在日中關係史中的地位；另外本論文中也運用葛蘭西(Antonio Gramsci)的歷史集團論(historic bloc)，分析戰後日本共產黨如何面對統治霸權、重建自我民族論述、以及推出自主獨立路線的過程，並由此重新解釋出日本共產黨與中共交惡的主要原因，與日本共產黨的中國認識究竟為何。
並列摘要
Japanese Communist Party(JCP) , which has a history of nearly one hundred years, is the oldest political party in Japan today and one of the largest communist parties among the capitalist countries. With an important status in the international communist movement, in Sino-Japanese relations, the Japanese Communist Party has long been regarded as a relatively friendly party to China. In the past, it was also a member of the Communist International with the Chinese Communist Party. However, it is well known that the Japanese Communist Party adheres to the independent line and worsen the relationship with the Chinese Communist Party. It was not until 1998 that the two parties signed an agreement to improve relations that the two parties re-opened various exchanges. For the reason why the Japanese Communist Party and the CCP have confronted and conflicted together, in the past, researchers have attributed that they were the output of Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution and the CCP’s critique of the Japanese Communist Party’s line, led to the Japanese Communist Party’s rebound. However, this study points out that the Japanese Communist Party’s understanding of the Japanese nationality after the Second World War and the introduction of the "independent independence path" are the fundamental reasons why the two parties are gradually moving toward conflicts by their allies. Moreover, the Japanese Communist Party mainly faces the Soviet Union as the leader of the socialist camp, not the CCP and China. This study uses the literature research method, using the public publication of the Communist Party of Japanese and the party newspaper "Shinbun Akahata" as the main text, as well as other related publications and historical evidence. Furthermore, to clarify the Japanese Communist Party's position in the history of Sino-Japanese relations, sorting out the various papers and public comments on the Chinese issue of the Japanese Communist Party is a convincing strategy to review the history of the Japanese Communist Party and its ideology beyond development. Another approach in this paper is using the Antonio Gramsci's historical bloc to analyzes how the Japan Communist Party faced the process of ruling hegemony, rebuilding self-ethnic discourse, and launching an independent line of independence after the war. In short, through these analyses, reinterpreting the conflicts between the Japan Communist Party and the CCP, is the basis to re-understand the Chinese understanding of the Japan Communist Party.