植物工廠內水耕栽培機能性小松菜之研究

本研究於完全人工光型植物工廠中以光譜與光量可調式 LED 燈管進行小松菜 (Brassica rapa var. perviridis, komatsuna) 的栽培，旨在建立量產機能性小松菜的光配方與養液配方。光配方透過調整不同光譜並適時補充遠紅光來達成，養液配方以修正的山崎或修正的 Hoagland 配方為基礎，增加降鉀、加鈣、加鐵等作法來達成。量測參數包括鮮重、硝酸鹽、維生素 C 及鈣離子濃度等並以電力產能、光子產能及單位面積年產量做為指標，評估各不同處理組間的效益與差異。本研究建立了高產能、高維生素 C、高鈣、低硝酸鹽、高電力產能 (EY) 與高光子產能 (PY) 等單一 (如高維生素 C)、兩種 (如高產且低硝) 至多種組合 (高產、低硝且高維生素 C) 的小松菜商品定位的栽培指引，業者可選擇不同定位做為主推的商品。不同的產品定位賦予小松菜更高的產品價值及競爭力，可提供產業界量產與學、研界機能性十字花科蔬菜栽培之參考。

關鍵字

植物工廠；小松菜；光配方；養液配方；性能評估；機能性蔬菜

並列摘要

This study conducted cultivation of komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) in plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL), using spectrum and light intensity adjustable LED light tubes. The aim was to establish light and nutrient recipes for the mass production of functional komatsuna. The light recipes were achieved by adjusting different spectra and supplementing with far-red light as needed. The nutrient recipes were based on modified Yamazaki and modified Hoagland solution, incorporating methods such as potassium reduction, calcium addition, and iron addition. Measurement parameters included fresh weight, nitrate concentration, vitamin C concentration, and calcium ion concentration, among others. The evaluation used energy yield (EY), photon yield (PY), and annual yield per unit area as indicators to assess the benefits and differences among different treatments. This study established cultivation guidelines for commodity positioning of komatsuna with targeted product characteristics, such as high yield, high vitamin C content, high calcium ion content, low nitrate concentration, high energy yield (EY), and high photon yield (PY). These characteristics ranged from single, like high vitamin C, to combinations of two traits, such as high yield and low nitrate, to multiple combinations like high yield, low nitrate, and high vitamin C. These guidelines enable practitioner to choose different positioning as the main commodities. Different product positioning enhances the product value and competitiveness of komatsuna, providing the industry with references for mass production and academia for functional cruciferous vegetables cultivation.