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  • 學位論文

高效率影片編碼之棋盤格平行處理策略

Chessboard Parallel Processing for High Efficiency Video Coding

指導教授 : 周承復

摘要


隨著影片畫質的發展,超高解析度的時代即將來臨,Ultra HD影片與普及的1080P影片相比,帶來接近十倍的位元率,市場也漸漸出現搭載超高解析度的電視或是智慧型隨身裝置,如今高畫質影片如此盛行,不管是儲存、透過網路傳輸或是即時影像處理,勢必會衍生許多挑戰。 最新一代的影片編碼標準-高效率影片編碼,使用一半的位元率即可達到與前一代影像編碼的相同畫質,但伴隨著是背後高複雜度的編碼策略以及方法,使得編碼時間大幅拉長,因此,單核心影片編碼已在淘汰邊緣。為了有效地縮短編碼所需時間,高效率影片編碼在制定期間已納入許多平行化的設計以及工具,包括Wavefront parallel processing (WPP)和Tile。在這篇論文中,我們針對WPP作詳細的分析,包含在幀內預測或是幀間預測上的角度分析,以及平行處理時所會遇到的問題。我們發現,在WPP執行的過程中,平行度沒有被善加開發利用,大部分的時間平行度皆處於低落的狀態。針對此問題,我們設計了Chessboard Parallel Processing,全新的編碼順序搭配更改的預測角度,與標準的WPP相比,我們可以大幅減少42%的編碼時間,並將所額外使用的位元率控制在良好的範圍內。

並列摘要


The next generation video coding standard – High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) reduce 50% bitrates compared to H.264/AVC under the same visual quality [1]. The price to be paid for higher coding efficiency is higher computational complexity. As a result, single processer is difficult to be optimized to a satisfactory level. Unlike H.264/AVC, HEVC currently contains several tools like wavefront parallel processing (WPP) and tiles aimed at making the encoder more parallel-friendly. In this paper, we briefly introduce intra and inter prediction and analyze the reason why the utilization of threads cannot be optimized while HEVC enable WPP. The most important, we proposed a new encoding scheme – chessboard parallel processing (CPP). We design a new encoding order that coordinates with new directions of references to improve the utilization of threads. In addition, we compare our reference patterns with WPP and make a detailed analysis of parallelism and coding efficieny. Experiments conducted on a 32-core system show that our implementations achieve higher performance and reduce 41.8% encoding time in average under a well bitrate control.

參考文獻


[3] ITRS, “International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2011 update system drivers,” 2011.
[4] S. Borkar and A. A. Chien, “The future of microprocessors,” Commun. ACM, May 2011.
[6] F. Henry, S. Pateux, “Wavefront parallel processing,” JCT-VC document JCTVC-E196, March 2011
[10] Chenggang Yan, Yongdong Zhang, Feng Dai and Liang Li, “Highly Parallel Framework for HEVC Motion Estimation on Many-core Platform,” Data Compression Conference 2013.
[12] Ahmad Asghar, Muhammad Ariq, Rai Ammad Khan, Nadeem A. Khan, “Motion Estimation and Inter Prediction Mode Selection in HEVC,” Recent Researches in Telecommunications, Informatics, Electronics and Signal Processing.

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