- 學位論文
印刷電路板繞組及冗餘位置感測器集成之軸向磁通馬達於衛星反應輪應用
Integration of PCB Winding and Redundant Position Sensor in Axial Permanent Magnet Motor for Satellite Reaction Wheel
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摘要
本論文提出了一個專為大型衛星應用的軸向磁通馬達(Axial Flux Motor-AFM)反應輪，為了確保衛星系統的高可靠性，本文提出集成的印刷電路板(Printed Circuit Board-PCB)定子繞組取代傳統的漆包線繞組，此 PCB 設計能利用自動化製版工藝使定子繞組安裝精確一致，與傳統銅漆包線繞組相比將製造引發的變異和故障風險降到最低。而 PCB 定子繞組電感與磁通量較低的缺點，可以透過軸向磁通的架構來補償，提升轉矩以及功率密度。 在反應輪驅動方面，霍爾感測器經常被選用來進行馬達角度位置回授，傳統 漆包線繞組需要額外感測器固定治具，降低感測器位置偏差問題。但是透過本論文提出的集成 PCB 電路板硬體，霍爾感測器可以直接利用表面貼焊技術安裝，簡化感測器安裝流程。此外 PCB 硬體的特性可輕易實現兩個獨立霍爾傳感器組的冗餘設計，針對此 PCB 集成優點，本論文提出新型的控制容錯控制方法（Fault Tolerant Control-FTC），能在最多三個霍爾感測器故障情況下確保反應輪穩定運行，使反應輪系統滿足太空環境中具有高可靠性的要求。 本論文製造了一個反應輪雛型體進行測試，經實驗結果證明提出的集成PCB 定子之軸向磁通反應輪在緊湊的體積重量限制下表現出色。提出的雙重冗餘霍爾傳感器設計與容錯控制方法，可使反應輪在霍爾感測器失效時，無論是在旋轉還是靜止啟動狀態下皆能正常工作。
並列摘要
This thesis proposes an axial flux motor (AFM) reaction wheel specifically designed for large satellite applications. An integrated PCB stator winding is proposed to replace the conventional enameled copper winding. The proposed PCB design not only leverages the PCB automation process to achieve the precise wire fabrication but also minimizes potential winding faults caused by conventional cooper winding manufacturing process. The drawback of PCB winding with low inductance and low magnetic flux linkage can be improved by the advanced axial flux motor topology. Regarding to the reaction wheel motor drive, the installation of Hall effect sensors requires the additional fixture on conventional copper winding to maintain the position measurement accuracy. However, the Hall sensors can be directly mounted on the proposed PCB stator hardware. This fabrication advantage further improves the position sensor reliability on the reaction wheel operation. More importantly, the PCB topology allows the dual-redundant design on Hall sensors. Under this advantage, this thesis proposes a novel fault tolerant control (FTC) . This FTC ensures the stable operation of reaction wheel even with up to three Hall sensor failures. It thereby enhances the overall system stability to meet the demanded satellite reliability requirement. A reaction wheel prototype is also fabricated for the experimental verification. The experimental results demonstrate that the AFM reaction wheel design with the proposed PCB stator performs excellently in a compact volume at lightweight. Moreover, the proposed FTC with dual-redundant Hall sensors can operate normally for the reaction wheel in both rotational and stationary startup states under different Hall sensor failures.
參考文獻
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