公共工程延長監造服務費用之研究— 以我國相關採購契約範本與實務判決為中心

公共工程之監造需要駐地監造，人力的投入即是監造廠商的成本所在，如施工廠商一直無法完工、一直無法驗收合格，依照合約，監造廠商確實需要繼續監造，在沒有退場機制的設計下，仍須持續負擔監造的義務，但囿於監造期限的不確定，導致無法將實際投入監造業務所產生之成本，確切反應在費用的請求上。在機關委託技術服務廠商評選及計費辦法第31條第1項第2款明文規定：「服務費用有下列情形之一者，應予另加：…二、超出技術服務契約或工程契約規定施工期限所需增加之監造、專案管理及相關費用。」行政院公共工程委員會採購契約範本亦有監造廠商提供之監造服務超出原訂施工廠商施工期限時，增加技術服務費用之計算公式。然而上開計算的原則明定後，爭議是否因此得到解決？亦或是仍為未解的難題？本文以最常見導致延長監造的事由例如施工廠商的「停工」、「展延工期」、「施工逾期」，或是「驗收期間過長」等因素，並在案件中有四種事由任一發生時，以「契約有無約定範本的公式」、「原合約計價方式」、「延長監造期間之請求權基礎」、「法院採取的計算方式」將之予以分類，經統整近十年內宣判之實務見解，結果顯示延長監造期間的費用爭議仍屬常見。最後本文就延長監造服務費用的爭議提出規範面及實務面的建議，期能透過合理的風險分配調整，明確監造廠商的監造期限與相應的延長監造費用計算方式。

關鍵字

監造服務；延長監造；監造費；延長監造費計算；成本加公費法；建造費用百分比法；比例法；實支法

並列摘要

Supervision in public engineering projects necessitates on-site supervision. The allocation of manpower constitutes a significant portion of the supervision contractor's costs. In cases where the construction contractor consistently fails to complete the project or obtain satisfactory acceptance, in accordance with the contract, the supervision contractor is indeed required to continue supervision. Without an exit mechanism in place, they are obligated to sustain ongoing supervision duties. However, due to the uncertainty of the supervision period, the actual costs incurred in supervisory operations cannot be accurately reflected in cost claims. Article 31, Paragraph 1, Subparagraph 2 of the Regulations Governing the Selection and Fees of Technical Service Contractors Entrusted by Agencies explicitly stipulates, "In the event of any of the following circumstances, the service fees shall be increased: ... 2. The additional supervision, project management, and related costs required beyond the construction period stipulated in the technical service contract or project contract." The Public Construction Commission of the Executive Yuan has also included a formula for calculating increased technical service fees when the supervisory services provided by the supervision contractor extend beyond the originally set construction period. However, does the application of these stated calculation principles conclusively resolve disputes, or do challenges persist? This article examines common factors leading to extended supervision, such as "work stoppage," "extended construction periods," "construction delays," or "prolonged acceptance periods," and categorizes them based on the presence of "contractually agreed-upon template formulas," "original contract pricing methods," "basis for requesting extension of supervision period," and "court-adopted calculation methods," when any of the four circumstances occur in a case. Through the consolidation of practical judgments rendered over the past decade, the results indicate that disputes over costs during extended supervision periods remain prevalent. Finally, this article presents normative and practical recommendations concerning disputes over extended supervision service fees, with the aim of adjusting through reasonable risk allocation and clarifying the calculation methods for extended supervision costs, thereby delineating the supervision contractor's supervision period and corresponding calculation methods for extended supervision fees.

並列關鍵字

Supervisory service ； Extended supervision ； Supervision fees ； Calculation of Extension Supervision Consultant Fees ； Cost-plus-fee method ； Percentage of construction cost method ； Proportionate method ； Actual expenditure method