- 學位論文
低壓與低溫度係數CMOS能階差參考電壓產生器
A Low-Voltage Low-Temperature-Coefficient CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference Generator
摘要
電壓源在現今的積體電路中扮演著相當重要的角色，參考電壓的應用範圍非常廣泛，最常用於類比-數位轉換器或數位類比轉換器，另外一般常見的電源管理系統、運算放大器或線性穩壓器裡面，都可以見到參考電壓的蹤影，來提供設定輸入或輸出電壓範圍、輸入差動對之電流偏壓源或作為比較器之參考電壓。而能階差參考電壓可以產生一個穩定的電壓源，不因電源電壓與環境溫度的變化而產生變動，以提供系統作為比較或維持電路正常運作之用途，進而提升系統的整體效能。 本論文主要目的為提供一個1.8伏至3.3伏輸入電壓，而輸出電壓在1.2伏左右的能階差參考電壓電路，提供低壓降線性穩壓器一個穩定的參考電壓，利用低壓的差異放大器取代傳統的疊接電流鏡架構，進而將電路操作在低壓的環境。另外並針對未來低壓的趨勢考量，設計一個1伏輸入電壓，並具有曲率補償功能的能階差參考電壓電路，以符合未來電路的需求。 此電路在分析與設計階段，我們使用HSPICE 套裝軟體，藉此幫助我們模擬此電路的結果，以利電路設計上的修改與驗證。
關鍵字
能階差並列摘要
Voltage references play an important role in modern integrated circuits systems. They are widely apdopted in many integrated circuits, such as A/D or D/A converters, power-management system, operational amplifiers, and linear regulators. They are used for defining input/output voltage range, baising current source of differential pairs, and providing a comparison reference for comparators. A precision voltage reference must be, inherently, well-defined and insensitive to temperature, power supply and load variations. The objective of this thesis is to design a bandgap voltage reference with input voltage 1.8V to 3.3V and output voltage around 1.2V. The bandgap voltage reference is intended for using in low dropout linear regulators (LDO). In order to reduce the supply voltage, the voltage reference is using low voltage operational amplifers in place of using conservative cascade current mirror. In addition, this thesis designs a 1-V bandgap voltage reference with temperature compensation to suit the current of low supply voltage. During design and analysis stages, the HSPICE is used for the simulation, modification and verification of the circuit.