- 學位論文
台灣與德國移民政策之比較
The Comparative Study on the Immigration Policy between the Republic of China(Taiwan) and the Federal Republic of Germany
摘要
移民政策研究在台灣的重要性隨著移民在台灣的人口比例日益增高，移民政策研究的重要性也日益增高。人口不但直接影響國家經濟產業結構，對於國家整體發展也有莫大的影響。 本文的目標是藉由比較同因為社會變遷以及國家發展需求而開放移民的台灣與德國兩國之移民政策。針對兩國移民政策中，有關移民族群:難民、外籍配偶基本權利及相關規定作一比較，又因為移民政策的範圍非常廣大，涉及層面又複雜，因此本文會著眼於對於現況概論地討論，期望有效率地提出對台灣移民政策有興趣的讀者作一參考。 台灣和德國基於相仿社會因素開放移民，也同屬大陸法制，尤以憲法跟民法的相近度更是高，更重要的是兩國同樣面臨人口老化、皆急需高科技人才幫助國家提高競爭力以及管理國內移民融合的現實。德國移民擁有相當的歷史，國家產業發展也臻至成熟，政府近年來對於移民的訴求強調融合，針對德國高科技產業產生的人才荒也提出因應，眼見移民對社會影響日益倍增，德國政府終於於2004整合德國移民政策，摒除以往移民政策繁雜規定、難以遵循的執法模式，於2005實施新移民法，期望針對德國現今移民現狀提出解套方法，新法上路至今邁入第五個年頭，德國從政府行政部門到民間輿論對新移民法的成效都有一定地效果顯現及檢討。 從長遠的層面來探討，移民對於人類發展有著正面的影響，社會規範以及階級流動的層面更是顯著。政府如何在規劃移民政策使移民對於國家發展實有重要意義。筆者也期望本文可以為對台灣移民議題有興趣的讀者，提供有意義的參考資料。
並列摘要
The aim of this thesis is to discuss how immigration policies in Taiwan and German, and introduce how the historical background of these immigrants and the general factors induced such policy over time. The thesis will star from the influx of imgrant workers to Taiwan and Germany at the transections of their histories.Based on those waves of immigrations into the two countries, then we will move on to summarize the motives for migration and diverse entry types.Secondly,how the factors that lead to shifts in Taiwan and Germany immigration policies, such as political, economic, and social aspect.Externally-speaking, a comparison on how the Taiwan and Germany respectively enforce its immigration policies will be made; how these two entities shall interact with each other on this subject will also be presented. Cast an eye on the histories of Taiwan and Germany, one will find that most of the factors affecting is economic development which contributing the modernization of the nation, nevertheless, political problems, also economic and social ones tagged along. I try to pinpoint their possible influences on the development of the two nations and their society. An outlook on how Taiwan and Germany would make their next move on immigrantion policies are also be proposed to conclude this thesis.