臺灣百大青農政策經濟效益分析

Economic Evaluation of the Young Farmer Policy in Taiwan

陳慧菁(Kelly Hwei-Chin Chen)

指導教授 ： 張宏浩

共同指導教授 ： 楊豐安(Feng-An Yang)

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農業經濟學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202101459

摘要

台灣農業面臨人力老化、缺乏規模效益、經營管理者斷層及人才培育學用落差等問題極需解決，各國為培養知識型青年農民，皆積極推動青農培育，希望透過農業人力質量的提升，扮演提升農業競爭力的關鍵角色。如何在多變的國際農業經營環境中，找到內生發展的原動力，培養優質的青年農業專業人力，為臺灣農業永續發展的迫切課題。農委會規劃以新農民及遴選出的百大青農為菁英部隊作為推動引用智慧農業、農產多元行銷、農業科技產業全球運籌等重要施政計畫之推升動能，期能引領青年農民以創新思維投入農業，跳脫傳統生產與追求成本降低之觀念，透過跨領域合作、智慧生產管理及行銷、整合市場分析、研發技術、文創及創意服務、六級產業提升加值等策略，為農業發展注入新動力，作為打造新產業價值鏈、提高農業附加價值之措施，並為農產業人才投入創新發展機會與契機。
本研究使用行政院農業委員會入選的百大青農追蹤的問卷資料調查，整理出遴選當年、遴選過後一年與遴選過後二年的經營指標，並利用普通最小平方法以及面板資料估計法進行實證模型分析，探討影響百大青年農民最終經營成果的因素。研究結果顯示，百大青農政策輔導過後，資金貸款、補助設備項目、虛擬通路銷售額、標章認驗面積、加工面積具有正向顯著影響， 此結果顯示百大青農兩年政策輔導的確是有所成長。百大青農之輔導政策為臺灣農業培育新農民，促進臺灣農業永續發展。

關鍵字

農業人口老化 ； 青農政策 ； 百大青農 ； 永續發展 ； 普通最小平方法

並列摘要

The agriculture in Taiwan is facing problems such as aging manpower, lack of economies of scale, gaps in management and talent education. Various countries are actively promoting the training programs to young farmers in order to enhance agricultural management knowledge to young farmers. They hope that the young farmers plays a key role in enhancing the competitiveness of agriculture through the improvement of the quality of agricultural manpower. How to find the driving force of endogenous development in the ever-changing international agricultural business environment and train high-quality young agricultural professionals are an urgent policy issue for the sustainable development of Taiwan's agriculture.
The Council of Agriculture adopted the Top One Hundred Young Farmer Plan as the elite force to promote the introduction of smart agriculture, diversified marketing of agricultural products, and global management of agricultural technology industries. Hoping to lead young farmers invest in agriculture with innovative thinking, breaking away from the concept of traditional production and pursuing cost reduction. Through strategies such as cross-field cooperation, smart production management and marketing, integrated market analysis, R D technology, cultural and creative services, and sixth-level industries to enhance value-added to inject new impetus into agricultural development, as a measure to create a new industrial value chain and increase the added value of agriculture, and to invest in innovative development opportunities for agricultural talents.
This research uses data from the Top One Hundred Young Farmers Plan from the Agriculture Committee of the Executive Yuan to analyze the tracking data of the two-year counseling measures. Taking the advantage of the panel data, we apply the Fixed Effect and Random Effect models to examine the factors that are associated with the sales value of the farmers. After controlling for business indicators, including capital equipment items, organization establishment status, business area, sales channel expansion, label recognition and verification status, and annual turnover and the annual sales volume, we find that fund loans, subsidized equipment projects, virtual channel sales figures, label certiification area, and processing area have a significant effect after the implementation of the plan.. The results also show that the two-year policy guidance of the top 100 young farmers is effective. As a result, the guidance policy of the top 100 young farmers trains new farmers for Taiwan's agriculture and promotes the sustainable development of Taiwan's agriculture.

並列關鍵字

agricultural population aging ； policies of young farmers ； the Top One Hundred Young Farmer Plan ； sustainable development ； ordinary least-squares method

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