遊民工作者對遊民問題之歸因研究

Homeless workers：Attribution to homelessness problems for?

姜浩雲(Hao-Yun Chiang)

指導教授 ： 鄭麗珍

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/社會工作學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.01567

摘要

本研究之目的是了解遊民工作者對遊民問題的主要歸因為何、以及有哪些個人因素或信念等將會致使遊民工作者產生遊民問題歸因上的落差；另外，不同的歸因又是否會影響遊民工作者傾向使用不同的服務方法。本研究以量化研究典範進行，研究對象為「接觸過遊民之社福單位與宗教慈善團體工作者」，採用結構性問卷作為研究工具，並使用郵寄問卷法進行資料蒐集。研究者以立意抽樣方式，針對臺北市、新北市、桃園縣、台中市與高雄市中遊民相關服務單位之工作者施測。樣本回收率為56.34%，其中有效問卷為137份。
研究結果發現，遊民工作者傾向以內在歸因來解釋遊民問題，並且偏好以社會行動取向之方法提供服務。工作者之「教育背景」、「是否為專職遊民工作者」以及其「宗教信仰」之不同，在遊民問題歸因上呈現顯著差異。另外，傾向以內在歸因解釋遊民問題的工作者，將會提供心理動力取向之服務。顯示若工作者認為遊民身分是由於個人因素所造成，便會以微視觀的心理動力取向服務出發來解決遊民問題。針對研究結果，本研究建議在實務工作上應以在職訓練的方式，釐清工作者在服務過程中可能出現的價值判斷，改善遊民工作者所提供之服務品質以及與遊民間的專業關係。在相關政策上，則應該建立更完善的資源網絡環境讓遊民工作者可從事相關政策倡議與社會行動。

關鍵字

遊民工作者 ； 遊民問題 ； 歸因 ； 遊民

並列摘要

The aim of the research is to understand the main attributes to the homelessness issue from homeless service workers’ viewpoints and the individual factors or beliefs that cause the difference in homeless service workers’ viewpoints. Moreover, whether different attributes would affect homeless service workers’ tendency to adopt different service means is also explored. Quantitative paradigm was applied in the research. Workers from social welfare organizations or religious charities who had come to contact with the homelessness were the research targets. Structured questionnaire was used as the research tool and mail questionnaire was applied to collect the data needed. Purposive sampling was adopted to sample workers from homeless service organizations in Taipei City, New Taipei City, Taoyuan County, Taichung City and Kaohsiung City to conduct the questionnaire survey. The return rate for the questionnaire was 56.34% for which there were 137 effective questionnaires returned.

From the research results, it was found homeless service workers tended to explain the homelessness issue by internal attributes and preferred to provide services using social action approach. The differences in the workers’ education background, full-time status and religious belief showed significant differences in their opinions regarding the attributes to the homelessness issue. In addition, workers who tended to explain the homelessness issue using internal attributes would provide services by psychodynamic approach. It is shown that if a worker believes the homelessness status is caused by individual factor, he/she would solve the homelessness issue by microsystem service using psychodynamic approach. Based on the research results, it is suggested that, in terms of practical work, in-service training should be used to clarify the workers’ value judgment during the service to improve the quality of the service provided by the workers and the relationship between the workers and the homelessness. In terms of relative policy, it is suggested a more perfect resource network should be established to allow homeless service workers to conduct policy initiatives and social actions.

並列關鍵字

Homeless service worker ； Homeless problem ； Attribution ； Homelessness

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