台灣從2012年開始,總統選舉與立法委員選舉改為合併選舉。選舉時程的改變,牽動了在選舉過程中,總統候選人、立法委員候選人與政黨之間的互動,以及政黨內部的權力生態。本文以民主進步黨為例,透過文獻分析與深度訪談,從選舉過程中研究合併選舉對民進黨組織與行為的影響,描繪總統候選人、立法委員候選人與政黨的互動,並且指出民進黨在選舉過程中的改變。本文指出,合併選舉此一制度變革,使得黨內權力往總統或總統候選人集中,民進黨出現政黨總統化的傾向。第二,地方政治競爭有全國化的趨勢,使得政黨體系全國化。第三,民進黨既有的派系政治,使得總統或總統候選人在黨內無法取得絕對的領導權力,減弱了政黨總統化。最後,合併選舉的改變有助於黨內整合,減緩派系在地方層次的競爭。
In Taiwan, the election timing of Presidential election and Legislative election were changed to concurrent from 2012. Concurrent elections change the interactions of the Presidential candidate, the Legislative candidates and the party, and the intra-party relation. This study took the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) for example, and attended data through in-depth interviews and documents analysis. This study intends to find the changes of the DPP in organization and behavior, and describe the interactions of the Presidential candidate, the Legislative candidates and the party in campaign. The major findings of this study are describe as follows: First, change of election timing made the power more centralized in the President or the Presidential candidate in the DPP, resulting the party became more presidentialized. Second, the political competition in local politics tended to nationalized, made the party system nationalized. Third, the fictions in the DPP weakened the power of the President or the Presidential candidate, reducing presidentialization of the DPP. Last, Concurrent elections were beneficial to intra-party integration, reducing the competition in local politics.
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