我國河川區容積移轉問題研究-以桃園市南崁溪為例

河川是天然形成，為都市洪水排洩的渠道，政府為公共利益所需，特別管制使用，以確保水流暢通。位於河川區域內的私有土地，長期受都市限制與管制使用，於是土地所有權人在2007年透過立法委員，向中央政府訴求修改水利法第82條，要求政府5年內要編列足夠預算辦理徵收土地。歷經立法院與經濟部歷次協商，於2015年完成修法，增加河川區容積移轉的制度。 2019年桃園市南崁溪河川區容積移轉制度實施迄今，受理河川區容積移轉案件計6件共36筆土地。主要目的為了加速取得河川區私有土地，提供地主多一種選擇的方式。本研究透過深度訪談，主要研究發現為：(一)河川區容積移轉制度合法性與正當性；(二)現行河川區容積移轉制度的問題；（三）河川區容積移轉的交易成本；（四）誘因機制；（五）財產權保障；（六）河川區容積移轉對都市計畫的衝擊。對此，本論文提出後續研究建議：（一）河川區送出基地的公告現值研究；（二）容積總量管制與都市計畫人口檢討；（三）河川與河道的差異研究。另亦提出政策建議：（一）行政單位協調；（二）河川區容積移轉修正方向。

關鍵字

河川區；容積移轉；都市計畫；換算公式；外部性；南崁溪

並列摘要

Rivers are naturally formed that serve channels for urban flood drainage. In order to ensure water flows smoothly, governments need to implement special control of usage for the public interest. Private lands located in the river area have long been restricted and regulated by urban planning. As a consequence, landowners seek help from legislators to petition the central government to amend Article 82 of the Water Conservancy Law in 2007, requiring the central government to designate a sufficient budget for land acquisition within five years. After several times consultations between the Legislative Yuan and the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the revision of the law was completed in 2015 to increase the capacity transfer system in river zones. Since the implementation of the transfer of development rights (TDR) system in the Nankan river zone of Taoyuan City in 2019, 6 cases of TDR in the river zone have been accepted, totaling 36 land parcels. The main purpose of the TDR system is to speed up the acquisition of private land in the river zone and provide landowners with one more option. Through in-depth interviews, the main findings of this study are (Ⅰ) The legality and legitimacy of the TDR system in the river zone. (Ⅱ) The problems of the current TDR system in the river zone. (Ⅲ) The transaction cost of the TDR system in the river zone. (Ⅳ) Incentive mechanism. (Ⅴ) Property rights protection. (Ⅵ) The impact of the TDR system in the river zone on urban planning. In this regard, this study proposes further research suggestions as follows: (Ⅰ) Research on the announced current value of the land at the sending site of river zones. (Ⅱ) Review of the total control of the TDR system and urban population planning. (Ⅲ) difference analysis between rivers and channels. Besides, this study makes two policy recommendations: (Ⅰ) Administrative coordination. (Ⅱ) Correction direction of the TDR system in river zones.