- 學位論文
臺灣防災體系及數位化平台的建置：以中央與地方防救災情資整合管理研究計畫為例
Digital platform and disaster prevention system: the case of Central and Local Disaster Management Information Integration Plan in Taiwan
摘要
隨著網路的普及，資訊治理與平台整合成為近年來政府亟欲拓展的重點建設，而防救災作為影響全國民生經濟與人民安全的重要環節，情資平台的建置更形關鍵。本研究以臺灣防救災體系與數位化平台建置的經驗作為研究主題，透過科技部與國家災害防救科技中心所推動的《中央與地方防救災情資整合研究計畫》作為經驗分析案例，探討政府部門如何藉由情資的整合推動災害治理，並分析情資的流通所帶來的跨部門、跨領域之社會網絡及社會學習效果。 為因應災害救援與預警，防災體系的資訊系統建置顯得格外重要。過往臺灣的災害情資分散於各部會，在面對新型態、複合型災害時往往應變不及，又臺灣在災害資訊的傳遞以及判讀上，存在著中央與地方量能的落差，尤其在偏遠地區更無法迅速地獲得災害通報，以及缺乏可以協助判讀及應變的轉譯者。為解決上述之問題，資訊預警系統的建立成為政府、民間防災部門的重要工作，透過數位化以及資訊治理將資料整合於網路，善用ICT提供的工具或平台，政府得以系統性地蒐集、利用和分享資訊。 從災害的資訊治理來看，國家災害防救科技中心於2015年開始推動「中央與地方防救災情整合管理研究計畫」，並將22個地方學研機構納入計畫當中，這是過往防救災體系在科技研發與運作中未曾總整的空間－平台協力模式。這些學研機構扮演著面對災害衝擊時中央政府與地方政府間的溝通橋樑，藉由整合地方情資、及協助地方政府研判的方式來補齊地方防救災量能之不足。同時經由資料開放的平台，各地方政府間可以共享情資、並互相參考，透過交流、比較與協作，發揮社會學習的功效，成為我國災害資訊治理的一項特點。
並列摘要
With rapid development of the Internet, governments of all levels and various sectors have called great attention to information governances and platform integration. This is far more important in disaster prevention and management than others, because it needs to avoid problem of information silo for decision making. One of the major tasks for integrated information system of disaster prevention and management is to establish the digital information early warning system in countries of natural disaster hotspots, such as Taiwan. The National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction (NCDR) in Taiwan started the project of “Central and Local Disaster Management Information Integration Plan” in 2015. This initiative aims to build an integrated information platform of disaster management for the whole country. It tries to incorporate twenty-one university teams acting as bridge between the central and local governments and calls for their long-term commitment to enhance the capacity of local government in integrating digital information and disaster prevention knowledge. Through this integrated disaster information platform, local governments not only share data and information, but also learn from each other in the actions of disaster prevention and management. This platform also plays as field of social learning among local governments. Inspired by information governance, this paper focuses on how governance models respond to climate change and the digitalization of information. It includes different stakeholders, such as the central government, local governments, institutions and citizens. This case study explores how Taiwan's disaster prevention system and digital platform promote disaster management through the integration of information and assesses the benefits of information circulation with cross-sector and cross-region cooperation.