- 學位論文
內頸靜脈血氧飽和度可攜式量測系統的開發與建立
Construction of portable diffusive reflectance spectroscopy optical system for internal jugular vein oxygen saturation measurement
摘要
中央靜脈的血氧飽和度是重要的生理參數，反映人體整體血氧的供給能力、心輸出量是否充足、以及組織器官是否缺氧。在內頸靜脈與中央靜脈血氧飽和度高度相關的基礎下，本研究將針對內頸靜脈進行漫反射光譜的量測，以寬頻近紅外光LED作為光源，並設計出適合貼附人體頸部的探頭，此外，也選用重量輕巧的微型光譜儀，縮小整個硬體系統，使光譜量測更為快速方便。同時，也利用Labview設計出實驗控制介面，除了能即時顯示實驗光譜，也增加了內頸靜脈壓力波形及訊號穩定度的監控，方便整個內頸靜脈的定位及光譜量測，並利用單層固態仿體作為標準待測物，進行實驗量測穩定度及重複性的驗證。 在模擬分析端，藉由超音波量測人體頸部組織結構，並將這些結構資訊代入蒙地卡羅演算法中進行光譜模擬，以Modified Beer Lambert Law方法預測出帶氧血紅素與不帶氧血紅素的濃度變化，並進一步求得血氧飽和度的趨勢變化。 在活體光譜量測上，利用過度換氣調變組織血氧，使內頸靜脈血氧下降，並將量測的活體光譜套入本研究所建立的分析方法，計算血氧下降量，並與文獻結果進行比較，作為系統血氧預測準確性的評估。從實驗結果可看出不同實驗階段的光譜差異，也證明血氧調變的實驗設計和硬體系統相關的設置，能夠滿足內頸靜脈血氧變化量測的需求。
並列摘要
Oxygen saturation level in central vein is a physiological parameter of critical importance. It reflects the overall capability of the human body to transfer oxygen, and if there’s an insufficiency in oxygen level in tissue. My research focuses on using broadband near-infrared LED as a light source to come up with a design that better measurements for the internal jugular vein’s diffusive reflectance spectrum. In addition, a lighter spectroscope is also chosen to reduce the overall size of the hardware and make the whole process easier and more convenient. Through Labview software, I also developed an user interface to monitor the experiment. The interface provides a real-time spectrum of the experiment and is also capable of monitoring JVP wave, which is convenient to locate the internal jugular vein. The system utilizes solid phantom as the standard to verify the stability and the repeatability of the experiment. By measuring human body structure with ultrasound and incorporating the acquired information into the Monte Carlo algorithm to simulate the spectrum, we can assess the optimal spacing between the light source and the detector. This research applies the Modified Beer Lambert Law to forecast the tendency in oxygen saturation levels. We change the saturation level through hyperventilation experiments and calculate the amount of which the saturation level has lowered. From the result of the experiment we can tell that there is a significant difference between the two spectrums of each experiment stage, and we also proved that the setting is sufficient in measuring oxygen saturation levels in the internal jugular veins.