- 學位論文
面射型雷射在3D感測與光收發電路之設計與應用
VCSELs for 3D Sensing and Optical Transceiver Integrated Circuit Design and Application
摘要
本論文以高功率與高速 VCSEL 作為主題，探討 VCSEL 在 3D 感測以及光纖通訊上的應用。 第一章介紹目前短距離高速 VCSEL 在資料中心的需求，以及高功率 VCSELArrays 在 3D 感測、LiDAR 等相關應用，顯示了 VCSEL 在光電領域上不可或缺的重要性。 第二章探討 VCSEL Arrays 為研究主題，以 2017 年蘋果(Apple)在 iPhone X 中使用 VCSEL 進行 3D 人臉識別為構思，設計有別於以往傳統規則陣列，提出以二進制為排列的想法，做分時與分區的陣列設計，並展現於不同時間投射出不同點圖之新穎性。接著介紹元件模擬結果、VCSEL 製程步驟以及元件的相關特性，包含直流特性、場型架設及特性，最後以脈衝寬度調變呈現了在不同脈衝寬度下，雷射明暗的特性，並展示 VCSEL Arrays 分區控制。 第三章探討光通訊發射端(TX)以及高速 VCSEL 為主題，說明相較傳統電傳輸光傳輸上的優勢。接續對 VCSEL 元件相關特性做介紹，並針對其特性做電路設計上的考量，同時，在元件端以更貼近於真實的模型來模擬。電路設計上，雷射二極體驅動器利用等化器技術來對時域上進行補償，使 VCSEL 有較良好的時域波形與眼圖，最後對 DC、AC、Transient 以及眼圖相關特性進行模擬。 第四章探討光通訊接收端(RX)為主題，針對前端類比積體電路作為設計，前半部分對 inductive peaking 技術做說明，此為寬頻通訊最常見的高速設計技巧；後半部分別對轉阻放大器與限幅放大器做介紹以及說明設計上考量，最後對電路進行DC、AC、Transient 以及眼圖等相關模擬。
並列摘要
This thesis focuses on the development of high power VCSELs and the application 3D sensing technologies. Furthermore, the article will explore the fiber-optic link communication system that comprises of VCSELs. Chapter 1 briefly describes current market and trends of short-distance high-speed VCSELs in datacenter applications, and high-power VCSEL Arrays for 3D sensing,LiDAR and other related sensing applications. And shows the importance of VCSELs in everyday life. Chapter 2 presents the our VCSEL Arrays with zone control for sensing applicaitons.The array design is innovated by the the 3D face recognition function incorporated in iPhone X by Apple in 2017. The array design consists of a novel binary numbering system in VCSEL array arrangement and the array may project different dot patterns at a diffractive optical elements (DOE) at controlled time intervals. The study on our VCSEL arrays includes the device simulation, semiconductor processes and device characterization, including DC, near-field, and pulse characterizations. Chapter 3 discusses our proposed optical communication transmitter (TX) with highspeed VCSELs. The device characteristics of our fabricatied high-speed VCSELs have been modelled and used in the design and simulation of a optical communication system.The subsequent works includes the design and optimization of the laser diode driver with equalization technique to applied to compensate in the channel loss in the time domain and obtain better waveforms and eye diagrams. The investigation includes the DC, AC,Transient and eye diagram simulations. Chapter 4 explores our proposed the optical communication receiver (Rx) and focuses on the design of an analog front-end integrated circuit. The first part describes the inductive peaking, which is the most common high-speed design technique for broadband communication; the second part introduces the transimpedance amplifier and the limiting amplifier and explains the key considerations in the design methodologies. Finally, the circuit is analyzed and simulated and DC, AC, Transient, and eye diagrams results are presented.