- 學位論文
鋰離子電池狀態之偵測與預測方法
On the Status Detection and Prediction for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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摘要
由於鋰離子電池需求日益增加以及其產業鏈的崛起，與該電池相關的議題受到許多研究人員的重視。在實際操作的情況下，我們需要事先得知鋰離子電池的狀態，才能根據此狀態對電池進行適當的操控，因此在這許多的議題中，我們聚焦於鋰離子電池狀態之偵測與預測方法。本論文當中，我們探討四個鋰離子電池相關議題:第一為老化電池之飽電容量偵測，第二為電池容量散失預測，第三為並聯電池組之不匹配程度偵測，第四為不同儲存電量下電池之穿刺情形預測。 對於老化電池之飽電容量偵測而言，我們分別建立了虛擬負極開路電壓法與比值法，使我們得以僅須讓電池放出些許電量，即可針對不同材料組成的老化電池偵測得到飽電容量。 對於電池容量散失預測而言，我們開發了三、四參數模型與經驗模型。針對三、四參數模型，我們僅需要事先得知某一溫度下完整的容量散失曲線以及另一溫度下循環100次的容量散失，即可預測電池容量散失。我們以三參數模型預測不同循環條件下的電池容量散失，而以四參數模型預測不同材料組成之電池容量散失，以及老化電池的剩餘壽命預估。此外，我們利用四參數模型與經驗模型預測電池三階段之容量散失行為。 對於並聯電池組之不匹配程度偵測而言，我們以兩顆與三顆電池並聯為例，在不用確切得知電池組內個別電池之狀態下，我們僅透過並聯電池組之電壓降，即可偵測得到並聯電池組之不匹配程度。 對於不同儲存電量下電池之穿刺情形預測而言，我們發展短路電量圖形法以預測不同儲存電量下電池受鋼針穿刺時之短路電壓，並將此資訊代入穿刺模型中以得到溫度變化曲線。最後，我們提出電池安全性的改善方法。
並列摘要
As the demand of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) increases and its associated industries become popular, studies regarding such batteries attract lots of attention. In real world applications, knowing the status of the battery is important, since appropriate control can only be done with a full understanding of the status of the battery. Therefore, among the many issues, we focus on developing the method for detecting and predicting the status of LIBs. In this work, we investigate on four major issues, which are: the detection of the full capacity of an aged LIB, the prediction of the capacity fade of an LIB, the detection of degree of mismatch in the parallel-connected batteries and the prediction of nail penetration of an LIB cell stored at different amount of charge. Firstly, we develop the pseduo negative open circuit potential method and the ratio method, which could estimate the full capacity of aged LIBs with different battery chemistries by simply discharging the battery a little. Secondly, we develop three- and four- parameter models and an empirical model. For the three- and four- parameter models, both require one complete capacity fade curve at one temperature and capacity fade over 100 cycles at another temperature. We use the three-parameter model to predict the capacity fade under different cyling conditions and the four-parameter model to predict the capacity fade of LIBs with different battery chemsties in addition the remainning life of an aged LIB. Furthermore, we also use the four-parameter model and the empirical model to predict the three-stage capacity fade behavior of LIBs. Thirdly, take two and three batteries in parallel as example, we could detect the degree of mismatch of parallel-connected batteries without knowing the actual status of individual cells in the pack, based on the pack voltage drop. Lastly, we develop the short-circuit amount of charge diagram to predict the short-circuit voltage of an LIB cell stored at different amount of charge. Additionally, we also provide a way to improve the safety of an LIB.
參考文獻
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