- 學位論文
熱脫附-氣相色譜/質譜法(TD-GC/MS)測定TSP中正烷類(Alkanes)的方法最佳化
Optimization of a Thermal Desorption - Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry Method (TD-GC/MS) for Characterization of Alkanes in TSP
摘要
空氣污染在近年已經逐漸被視為重要議題。現今雖然已有許多關於交通排放污染源分析的研究，但對於懸浮微粒(Particulate matters)上的正烷類(Alkanes)如何能有效分析的研究仍較缺乏，正烷類(Alkanes)在環境中的化性穩定，也常被用來做為交通排放的污染源指標，故本研究選擇分析正烷類(Alkanes)共24種(C7 ~ C30)，使用熱脫附-氣相色譜/質譜法(TD-GC/MS)來進行分析。 本研究套用田口實驗方法的L9(34)直交表，找出熱脫附法分析的最佳化參數以更好地分析Alkanes，並進行數組單因子實驗法進行驗證。實驗結果顯示最佳參數為管脫附320 ℃、管脫附時間10分鐘、捕集管加熱溫度320 ℃、捕集管加熱時間12分鐘、管脫附流速70 mL/min。影響Alkanes回收率最重要的參數依序為(1)管脫附及捕集管加熱溫度、(2)捕集管加熱時間、(3)管脫附加熱時間、(4)管脫附流速。 若要分析低碳數的Alkanes時，可以考慮管脫附與捕集管加熱溫度使用300℃來做，本研究分析結果為低碳數(C12 ~ C14)時使用300 ℃可增加回收率2.74% ~ 7.93%。比較本研究與過往的TD法相比，低碳數(C12 ~ C21)的回收率增加0.54% ~ 14.53%；比較本研究與溶劑萃取法(SE-GC/MS)，在低碳數(C14 ~ C17)的回收率SE大於TD(0.62% ~ 29.43%)。 本研究於2021年5月13 ~ 16日在新北市區內五個鄰近交通幹道的地點採樣後進行分析，分析結果：永和區(永和國小)、八里區(八里國小)的Cmax為C22，質量濃度分別為9.11及12.24 ng/m3，代表其污染源可能來自於汽機車排氣；三重區(厚德國小)、泰山區(明志國小)的Cmax為C19，質量濃度分別為14.58、11.25 ng/m3，代表其污染源可能來自於柴油及潤滑油的逸散；鶯歌區(鶯歌區公所)的Cmax為C18，質量濃度為16.84 ng/m3，污染源可能來自於柴油及潤滑油的逸散，且數值大於過往文獻中的值，說明其造成空氣污染的程度更大。
並列摘要
Air pollution has gradually become an important issue in recent years. Although there have been many studies on the analysis of traffic emission pollution sources, there is still a lack of research on how n-alkanes on Particulate matters can be effectively analyzed. The n-alkanes are stable in the environment, and are often used as a pollution source indicator for traffic emissions., so the study selected a total of 24 kinds of n-alkanes(C7 ~ C30) to analyze, using thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) for analysis. In this study, the L934 orthogonal table of Taguchi's experimental method was applied to find the optimal parameters for thermal desorption analysis to ensure that the n-alkanes could be analyzed better, and several single-factor experiment methods were additionally performed to verify the results. The experimental results show that the optimal parameters are the tube desorption temperature of 320 °C, the thermal desorption heating time of 10 minutes, the trap temperature of 320 °C, the trap heating time of 12 minutes, and flow rate at the thermal desorption of 70 mL/min. The most important parameters affecting the recovery of n-alkanes are (1) tube desorption and trap temperature, (2) trap heating time, (3) tube desorption heating time, (4) flow rate at the tube desorption. If we analyze n-alkanes with low carbon number, Samples can be analyzed by using tube desorption and trap temperature at 300°C, In this study, when analyzing low carbon number (C12 ~ C14), using 300℃ can increase the recovery 2.74% ~ 7.93%. Compared this study with the previous TD method, the recovery of low carbon number (C12 ~ C21) increased 0.54% ~ 14.53%; Compared this study with the solvent extraction method (SE-GC/MS), the recoveries of SE at low carbon numbers (C14 ~ C17) are greater than TD (0.62% ~ 29.43%). The study carried out analysis after sampling five locations adjacent to arterial roads in the urban area of New Taipei City from May 13 to 16, 2021. the analysis results: The Cmax of Yonghe District (Yonghe Elementary School) and Bali District (Bali Elementary School) is C22, and the mass concentrations are 9.11 and 12.24 ng/m3, respectively, which means that the pollution source may come from the exhaust gas of automobiles and locomotives; The Cmax of Sanchong District (Hou Germany Elementary School) and Taishan District (Mingzhi Elementary School) are C19, and the mass concentrations are 14.58 and 11.25 ng/m3, respectively, which means that its pollution source may come from diesel oil and lubricating oil effusion. and the value is higher than the value in the previous literature, indicating that it causes air pollution to a higher level.