芥川龍之介文学における自然と人間の関係：「戯作三昧」「秋」「好色」「庭」を中心に

本論文以1980年代以後便鮮少被研究的芥川龍之介作品裡的自然為主題，考察作品裡主角眼中的自然景色與心的關聯。藉由抽出作品中與自然景色有關的描寫，進行前後文的論述，並以「戯作三昧」「秋」「好色」「庭」四部短篇小說為考察對象，以主角的心對於自然的感受性為焦點進行考察。研究方法為透過心象風景的概念，考察作品裡的自然景色與主角的心之間的關聯，以及眼前的自然景色對主角的意義。　　考察的結果可得出三項結論：（１）以「戯作三昧」「秋」「好色」三部作品考察的結果來看，自然景色發揮了將人的心理狀態反映出來的效果。透過眼前的自然，主角們心中的情感被引發了出來，如馬琴的憧憬、信子的感傷、平中對女官的心情，這些主角們的心理狀態被投影到了自然景色之中。（２）藉由考察「庭」以及其他相關作品，得出自然不僅僅是美麗的一面，也包含了像是「野蠻的力量」這種迫近人們的破壞力，是種源自人們內心感受到的自然中純粹的力量。（３）從以上兩項結果，可觀察出人們在自然景色裡感受到情緒波動，往往是由於自己的心作為媒介所產生的結果，也就是說，人們將自己的感情投影到了眼前的景色之中。

關鍵字

芥川龍之介；短篇小說；自然；心；心象風景

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to study the use of nature in Ryuunosuke Akutagawa’s literature, which has not been studied extensively after 1980. Especially, the study focuses on figuring out the relationship between nature and human hearts in Akutagawa’s four short stories “Gesakuzannmai”, “Aki”, “Kousyoku”, and “Niwa”. The main discussion is therefore divided into four chapters, and the context analysis is conducted in each chapter to see how the characters respond to the nature in front of their eyes. This study is based on “Imagined Scenery” to understand the connections between the natural surroundings and human mental states in these four stories. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) The fact is that the natural surroundings reflect human mental states is shown by analyses of “Gesakuzannmai”, “Aki”, and “Kousyoku”. There is a way to understand the feelings of characters by considering nature scenery. (2) After analysis of “Niwa”, not only the beautiful side, but also the negative side of nature was also found; for example, there is “destructive power” inside nature. The negative images of nature appear when humans see and feel the true nature in front of them. (3) From the above two results, it can be observed that the human heart is the medium through which people feel emotional fluctuations in their natural surroundings. In other words, people project their feelings onto the scenery in front of them.