- 學位論文
自我決定論觀點之鼻咽癌病人需求探索：主題模型分析
An Exploration on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients' Needs from Self-Determination Theory Perspective via LDA Topic Modeling Analysis
摘要
在台灣每5分鐘就有1個人罹癌，然而在罹癌到康復或死亡的整個過程當中，病人心理與生理將會受到相當大的衝擊，而透過相關研究與病人的訪談過程中驗證，部分鼻咽癌病人會因為接收到不足的資訊或是過多的資訊產生焦慮感，而焦慮感會使病人在整個罹癌旅程當中降低積極治療意願，而積極治療又有助於病情好轉，因此在正確的時間以正確的管道與方式由正確的對象傳輸給鼻咽癌癌症病人正確且適量的資訊是相當重要的，故本研究希望藉由降低鼻咽癌癌症病人的焦慮感並提供正確且適量的資訊來協助鼻咽癌病人保有積極治療的心態並滿足心理需求，於此本研究結合自我決定理論觀點，針對自2014年02月26日起至2017年03月30日之鼻咽癌癌友臉書社團【癌症資訊網 : 鼻咽癌互動網絡】的中文有效文本，從中突破多語言、醫療專業性質的網路社團文字探勘分析障礙，對資料進行前處理並以專業知識篩選並設計出適合的切詞與停止詞包，並以資料科學方式進行文字探勘模型分析與詞頻分析並結合病程分類模型分析與以自我決定論之三種心理基本需求為基礎建立的情感計分模型，來了解鼻咽癌癌症病人的三個心理基本需求Autonomy(自主能力)、Competence(勝任能力)、Relatedness(關係能力)是否會隨著病程的改變而產生變動，除此之外，再藉由LDA主題模型的運算，來找出病程的改變與心理基本需求的變動下，在癌友社團當中是否會產生不同的主題討論，同時引發出哪些不同的關鍵議題，最終將整體分析歸納於鼻咽癌癌症病人的罹癌旅程地圖，從中協助了解鼻咽癌癌友在整個病程旅程當中，將會接觸哪些困難點，並進而影響到其心理基本需求，最終能夠藉由主題模型結果，針對病人在不同病程下的資訊需求提供適時且適量的資訊建議。然而本研究證實鼻咽癌癌症病人的三個心理基本需求Autonomy(自主能力)、Competence(勝任能力)、Relatedness(關係能力)確實會隨著病程的改變而產生變動，此外本研究也提供了在不同病程下影響病人心理基本需求改變的原因，並進而提供在不同病程的時間點應該要提供哪些資訊給病人，來滿足病人的資訊需求，最終減緩其心理基本需求的失衡並實際幫助鼻咽癌癌症病人保持積極正面治療的心態與心理需求滿足的情緒。
並列摘要
There is one person got cancer in every 5 minutes in Taiwan. The patient will suffer from the physiology and psychology during the whole process of carcinoma to rehabilitation or death. In addition, the patients with nasopharyngeal cancer feel anxious because of receiving insufficient information or excessive information. Therefore, it is essential to offer the correct and appropriate amount of information to the nasopharyngeal cancer patients at the right time and in the right way and to help the patients to overcome nasopharyngeal cancer by reducing the anxiety. This study integrated the self-determination theory with the data mining analysis technique for the Chinese texts of the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Facebook club. In this essay, I do a lot of effort in pre-processing the data and designing suitable cutting words and stop-words because of the limitation of multi-language and the medical and professional related words. Finally, I apply text mining, classification model analysis and advanced sentiment analysis in ACR index to prove that three basic psychological needs of self-determination, Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness, will be will change as the course of the disease changes. In addition, I apply LDA topic modeling analysis to find out the key topics and the key issues that patients discuss in the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma cancer community during the shift of the course of the disease and the changes in the basic psychological needs. The result of this essay will eventually be summarized in a patient journey map of nasopharyngeal cancer, and it can help people to understand when and what issue will affect patient’s basic psychological needs. Besides, the timely and appropriate information can be suggested for the information needs of patients under different disease courses to ultimately slow the imbalance of psychological basic needs, and help patients to overcome with nasopharyngeal cancer.