顧城詩歌中的童年形構與自我呈現

顧城（1956-1993）是當代新詩史上著名的「童話詩人」。他自文革（1966-1976）結束以後，在中國改革開放時期（七〇年代末）崛起詩壇，以敏銳神經觸及社會動脈，在詩歌中表現人類境況和深刻的感性體驗。本文的立論即在於有別把顧城視為一個被簡化的「童話詩人」，而是企圖從顧城自身童年經驗出發，分析其筆下孩童形象（特質）與詩人自我關係，以補充當代詩學對顧城的忽視之處。本文參照顧城對自我創作的分期，分章討論他各個時期的寫作主題與其童年建構議題，提出「顧城的童年與童年書寫」、「顧城詩歌中的童年形構與自我呈現（一）（1976-1983）」和「顧城詩歌中的童年形構與自我呈現（二）（1986-1993）」作為本文論述的面向，以整全顧城詩歌研究的向度。本文第一章為緒論。第二章為「自然的我」時期（1962-1974）：顧城的童年與童年書寫，提煉顧城童年時期實際經歷、童年時代的詩歌文本還原其童年特質，另闢小節提煉顧城成年以後對其童年經驗之論述。第三章從以顧城初入詩壇創作的第一座詩歌家園（1977-1983）為中心，探討顧城詩歌中的童年形式與呈現，採用顧城「自我分期」中的「文化的我」與「反文化的我」相關詩作，借助第二章的童年機制加以分析，勾勒顧城成年詩作中的童年形式與詩歌中的孩童主題。第四章以顧城海外時期建立的第二座生命家園為（1986-1993）為中心，採無我的我階段的文本，第三章相同的方式繼續探討顧城詩歌中的童年形式與呈現。第五章為結論。

關鍵字

顧城；童話詩人；朦朧詩；童年；孩童；記憶；回歸

並列摘要

Gu-cheng (1956-1993) is the famous “Fairy-Tale Poet” in the history of contemporary era. Ever since the cultural revolution (1966-1976) and also in the beginning of China reformation period (Late 1970), Gu-cheng’s poetry rise abruptly through his reflection on the particular situation of the people and their emotional experiences sensitively. This thesis will focus the argument on Gu-cheng’s childhood experience rather than simplify Gu-cheng as a “Fairy-Tale Poet”, analyze the relationship between childhood image (characteristic) and the poet himself in order to clarify the misunderstanding(negligence) towards him during the contemporary poetry era. Hence, for the purpose of my studies, I summarize and divide different period of his poetries in related to the childhood into three discussions by using these topics : [Gucheng’s Childhood with his writing], [The form and reflection of the childhood in poetry (1977-1982)] and [The form and reflection of the childhood in poetry (1986-1993)]. The first chapter is introduction. The second chapter is “Natural me” period (1962-1974) : [Gu-cheng’s childhood with his writing], by discussing the actual experiences of Gu-cheng’s childhood, the characteristics of the childhood period and how Gu-cheng feel about his childhood after grown up. The third chapter is the period from “Cultural me” to “Anti-cultural me” (1977-1983) : [The form and reflection of the childhood in poetry (1977-1983)], by discussing the poetries [Cultural me] and [Anti-cultural me] from [Self-staged] to further analyze and outline the form and topic from the grown-up Gu-cheng’s poetries. The fourth chapter is the period of “Egoless me” (1986-1993):: [The form and reflection of the childhood in poetry (1983-1993)], by discussing the poetries [Egoless me] to further analyze and outline the form and topic from the grown-up Gu-cheng’s poetries. The fifth chapter is conclusion.