- 學位論文
紅鼻子醫生：台灣醫療小丑即興表演訓練與醫院現場策略
Dr. Rednose of Taiwan: Medical Clown Training and the Performance in Hospitals
摘要
本研究擬以台灣紅鼻子醫生（小丑醫生）作為研究對象，探討「小丑醫生」在台灣的起源與發展過程，及其介入醫院空間的即興表演策略。 「醫療小丑」（又名「小丑醫生」、Clown Care、Hospital clowning）相關概念初見於一九七零年代，廣泛指涉進入到醫療現場提供小丑表演的計畫與行動，旨在以小丑表演介入醫療空間，使空間內之參與者皆能擁有更好的醫療品質。隨後，自一九八六年的紐約大蘋果馬戲團及加拿大的羅柏計畫開始，該概念迅速於三十年間於世界各國廣泛發展，並逐漸專業化。 2015年，沙丁龐客劇團團長馬照琪女士自法國引進完整的小丑醫生培訓系統，成為台灣第一個專業的小丑醫生組織，並以「紅鼻子醫生」為名，持續於台灣各醫院進行小丑表演。 透過文獻整理、觀察與訪談，本文擬梳理「紅鼻子醫生」在台灣的發展歷史，並紀錄紅鼻子醫生的演員培養，以及其表演方式實際運用在醫院的經驗。排練場中的「戲劇小丑」和「即興表演」訓練，難以萬全地準備醫院中可能發生的無數種觀演情形，因此，如何在完全開放、隨機的醫院現場，維持小丑角色並進行即興表演，全然關乎於紅鼻子醫生的表演選擇，以及現場策略。本文即以紅鼻子醫生的演員經驗為分析核心，探討小丑即興表演從排練場到醫院的運用與變化。
並列摘要
This thesis aims to investigate the experience of medical clowning of Dr. Rednose in Taiwan since 2015. Especially their approaches of adopting clowning techniques and medical knowledge while practicing these learned skills in the routine work at the hospitals and various situations. In 2015, Chao-chi Ma brought back the organizational system of medical clowning form Le Rire Medecin in France, and founded the first professional medical clown organization largely known as “Dr. Rednose” in Taiwan, and has been practicing in several hospitals around the country. This thesis aims to investigate the experience of medical clowning of Dr. Rednose in Taiwan. Especially their approach of adopting clowning techniques and medical knowledge while practicing these learned skilled in the routine work at the hospitals and various situations. The training of a medical clowns follows doctrines on the pursuing of clowning art and medical knowledge. While the training is mostly happened on the closed rehearsal ground, the challenges of bringing the clowning techniques into hospital, where is a relatively opened and unstable environment for the performance/spectatorship, are faced by the actors of Dr. Rednose. By literature review and interview, this essay should sort the different experiences of the actors and their unique methods of applying the clowning techniques in hospitals.