建立工程專案WBS分解模式之研究–以建築工程為例

A Study for Developing a WBS Decomposition Model of a Construction Project–A Case Study of Architecture Projects

陳瑞琪(Jui-Chi Chen)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.03109

摘要

工作分解結構（Work Breakdown Structure，以下簡稱WBS）是專案管理的核心。運用WBS為共通的溝通平台來整合專案的範疇、時間及成本，能避免工程漏項、施工界面模糊、施工順序錯誤及資源安排不當等缺失情況的發生。專案管理知識體指南(PMBOK Guide, 2008)對於如何建立專案之WBS，雖然有提供概括性的專案工作分解原則，但並未具體說明如何歸納與分解專案工作，以及如何應用WBS於工程專案的管理上。因此，本研究的目的，為站在營建廠商的立場，由管理的角度，提出工程專案WBS理想之分解模式，以提供爾後營建廠商在建立工程專案WBS之參考。
本研究首先由文獻回顧進行，探討WBS之架構型式以及分解流程，以集合住宅建築工程專案為例，依WBS的分解流程，結合工程實務上的運用，逐步分析建立工程專案WBS。藉由各種不同專案活動的分解、排序、排程及估算成本逐步演練的過程，來驗證工程專案WBS分解模式於整合專案範疇、時間、成本之適用性。在適用性獲得確保之後，則將實際的建築案例導入本研究建立之WBS分析模式，對於WBS運用在不同之管理目標及分包策略所可能產生之差異予以分析探討，期盼工程專案在應用WBS時能發揮其最佳的效能。
在驗證WBS的適用性方面，結果顯示，以資源為導向的工程專案WBS若能與專案CBS (Cost Breakdown Structure)的組織架構應對且一致（即以WBS作為建立CBS的參考），營建廠商能更有效管理專案資源；此外，經由工程專案WBS導入案例分析的結果顯示，本研究建立的WBS分解模式符合營建廠商實務上運用。

關鍵字

專案管理 ； WBS ； CBS ； 分解 ； 工作包 ； 活動

並列摘要

WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) is a core of project management. As a communication platform, WBS links the project scope, the schedule, and the cost to avoid the lacks of project activities, interference of construction phases, the errors of construction sequence, and the improper arrangement of resources. Although PMBOK Guide (2008) provides general guidelines for the decomposition of WBS, it is lack of details. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a “WBS Decomposition Model of a Construction Project” that helps the contractor to manage the project more efficiently.
The study starts from the literature review. Discuss the structure type of WBS and decomposition process. A Case Study of housing architecture projects. By WBS decomposition process, combined with the use of practical projects, Step by step analysis to develop a WBS Decomposition Model of a Construction Project. By examining the activities in different types of construction projects, it reveals that the WBS decomposition model of construction project WBS is suitable for the activity scheduling and cost estimates. Then a case study in architectural engineering is applied to verify the feasibility of the proposed decomposition WBS model in terms of management objectives and subcontracting strategies.
That analysis results show that the contractor can manage the project in a more efficient way if the WBS and CBS are combined. It also shows that the proposed WBS decomposition model is highly applicable for construction project management.

並列關鍵字

Project Management ； WBS ； CBS ； Decomposition ； Workpackage ； Activity

參考文獻

[ 23 ] 盧崇仁，「工程專案決標標單與施工計畫及採購計畫資訊整合之研究」國立臺灣大學工學院土木工程學系碩士論文，2007。

[ 1 ] A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide),Fourth Edition, ANSI/PMI 99-001-2008, Project Management Institute,Inc., 2008.

[ 2 ] Construction Extention to A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMBOK Guide -2000 Edition, Project Management Institute,Inc., 2002.

[ 3 ] Gregory T. Haugan, “Effective Work Breakdown Structures” Vienna, VA: Management Concepts, Inc., 2002.

[ 4 ] Practice Standard for Work Breakdown Structure Second Edition, Project Management Institute, Inc., 2006.