- 學位論文
年輕非法藥物使用犯中海洛因之使用
Heroin Use Among Young People Incarcerated for Illicit Drug Use
摘要
目的：本研究首先比較年輕非法藥物使用犯中有海洛因使用經驗者與無海洛因使用經驗者，觀察兩者在非法藥物使用歷程、精神疾病共病疾患與犯罪行為上之差異；再者比較海洛因使用者中若有不同使用方式之各項特質，觀察其差異並探討其可能之相關因素。 方法：透過桃園地區之戒治所與勒戒所，從2003年6至12月收集到102名年齡為15至22歲之非法藥物使用犯作為研究對象，其中一組55名為海洛因使用者，另一組47名為非海洛因使用者，利用結構性問卷來調查其個人史、物質使用史、及犯罪史，並使用Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)來調查精神疾病共病疾患。 結果：在迴歸分析中，年輕非法藥物使用犯有多重藥物使用(adjusted odds ratio=6.6)及15歲前開始使用非法藥物者(adjusted odds ratio=6.4)有較高危險來使用海洛因。海洛因使用者中有安非他命使用年齡較非海洛因使用者早。海洛因使用者中亦有較高的比例被診斷為物質依賴疾患、非法藥物使用的前科、及販賣藥物的非法行為。在海洛因使用者中，使用注射方式者較吸食方式者，使用海洛因的時間較長，可戒癮的時間則較短。 結論：海洛因使用者，較早開始使用非法藥物且較常擁有使用安非他命的經驗，也較易被診斷為物質依賴。非海洛因使用者則較多擁有使用搖頭丸的經驗。 年輕的海洛因使用者若持續使用海洛因，則有較高的機會採用注射方式。 關鍵字：非法藥物 (illicit drug)、青年 (youth)、罪犯 (offender)、海洛因 (heroin)、物質依賴 (substance dependence)、注射 (injection)
並列摘要
ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, we aimed to characterize youths incarcerated for illicit drug use and compared the personal features of the young heroin users (n=55) with heroin nonusers (n=47). We further compared the characteristics of heroin users with different routes of heroin administration. Methods: Young persons (N=102) aged 15 to 22 years incarcerated for illicit drug use were surveyed by completing a structured questionnaire and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results: In the multiple logistic regressions, the variables remained in the model were polysubstance use (adjusted odds ratio=6.6) and initial use of illicit drugs before age of 15 years (adjusted odds ratio=6.4). Heroin users with experience of using methamphetamine were much younger than heroin nonusers with the same experience. Heroin use was much more likely to become addictive as illustrated by the finding that heroin users had a probability of > 50% in each criteria of substance dependence according to DSM-IV criteria. Over one in five of the participants in either group were classified as having at least one psychiatric disorder other than substance use disorders Heroin users had higher proportions of having criminal records for illicit drug use and illegal behaviors of drug dealing than nonusers. For heroin users, heroin injectors (n=46) had longer duration of heroin use and shorter abstinence days than heroin smokers (n=9). Conclusions: Heroin users seemed to use illicit drugs earlier and could be diagnosed as substance dependence more frequently than nonusers. They were more likely to have experience of methamphetamine use rather than ecstasy. Young heroin users appeared to choose the injection route if they continued to use heroin. Keywords: illicit drug, youth, offender, heroin, substance dependence, injection