摘要
本研究企圖了解，面對已形成社會爭議的話題，在既定立場的影響下，對話能否形成「共享真實」以產生觀點與記憶上的改變。研究者以精神障礙犯罪者的死刑裁量議題為例，以單人實驗進行初探研究。旨在了解參與者既有的死刑態度立場，會如何影響他們對影片中的角色解讀、角色印象和劇情記憶，以此建立未來互動實驗的對照資料。實驗內容是讓參與者觀賞一部80分鐘的影片，隨後描述劇情大意與個人看法，並填答問卷。實驗前後會測量參與者對於判處精神障礙犯罪者死刑的態度。研究發現：一、觀賞影片前後參與者的死刑態度沒有顯著差異。二、死刑態度與特定角色的解讀，以及角色印象有顯著相關，但和劇情記憶無關。三、受試者間表徵相似性分析的結果顯示，參與者彼此間的死刑態度和對角色的印象如果越相似，他們彼此對角色的解讀也會越相近。四、最後，迴歸分析顯示控制了角色印象的受試者間相似性後，死刑態度的受試者間相似性仍對角色解讀的受試者間相似性具有顯著的預測力。綜合上述結果，死刑態度為關鍵影響因子，在無共享經驗及對話的情況下，參與者之間原本的死刑立場相似度就已顯著影響他們對角色解讀的相似度。期待未來研究進一步探究死刑態度對共享經驗與人際對話的效果。
並列摘要
The relationship between saying-is-believing effect and shared reality have been well documented, but individuals’ initial attitudes have not been taken into consideration in previous studies. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore whether individuals’ attitudes toward capital punishment were related to both of their interpretations and impressions of characters in a naturalistic TV show. Results from this study revealed no significant changes in participants’ attitudes toward capital punishment after watching the drama. However, participants’ initial attitudes were significantly correlated with their interpretations as well as impressions of particular characters in the show. By using intersubject representational similarity analysis (ISRSA), significant intersubject similarities in initial attitudes were correlated with either their intersubject similarities in interpretations or impressions of characters. Lastly, after controlling the effect of intersubject similarities in impressions of characters, participants' intersubject similarities in initial attitudes could still significantly predict their intersubject similarities in interpretations of characters. To conclude, pre-existing attitudes toward capital punishment significantly influence character impressions and interpretations even when no conversation is involved in the experiment. Further research is needed to test whether pre-existing attitudes can play an even more important role in shared experiences during real-time social interactions.