摘要
昂天蓮屬 (Abroma Jacq.) 隸屬於錦葵科梧桐亞科刺果藤族(Byttnerieae)，根據世界線上植物誌(World Flora Online, WFO)資料庫目前記載，昂天蓮屬內僅有一種 ，即昂天蓮Abroma augustum (L.) L. f.。昂天蓮的分布範圍廣泛，從中國南部往南至中南半島，向東至東南亞，大洋洲以及澳洲北部亦有零星紀錄。然而在各國植物誌處理卻莫衷一是，採用的學名也不相同。昂天蓮的枝條表面光滑或具有柔毛，花瓣呈紅紫色，果實為具稜的膜質蒴果，蒴果尾端呈截平狀。然而根據Merrill(1923)的整理，除了確認昂天蓮屬在中國南部、菲律賓及爪哇等地僅有一種，卻也載明菲律賓產有莖表粗糙的昂天蓮。此外，有為數不少的標本與敘述不符，如花瓣為淡黃色、或蒴果尾端呈細長鉤狀、或枝條表面偶具有刺等等。在第三版菲律賓植物誌中亦出版有植物彩圖，支持有莖表具刺、黃色花瓣的昂天蓮存在。本研究針對昂天蓮該種的形態變異與地理分佈情形進行觀察，並選用自中國、臺灣、菲律賓、索羅門群島取得的植物樣本，以核酸內轉錄區間區 (internal transcribed spacer, ITS) 序列建構親緣關係樹，結果顯示，在形態觀察部分支持昂天蓮屬內可依據莖表毛被物、萼片形狀、花色、蒴果形狀鑑別，各類群具有一定的分布範圍。且昂天蓮支序群的分支狀況符合地理分布與形態變異狀況。本研究根據形態特徵觀察與分子親緣關係結果，支持昂天蓮屬內有2個分類群：Abroma augustum、及A.brownii Tsai Hu。
並列摘要
The genus, Abroma Jacq., belongs to tribe Byttnerieae of Sterculioideae, Malvaceae. According to World Flora Online (WFO) database, there is only one species recognized within the genus, Abroma augustum (L.) L. f., which is widely distributed from India to Southern and Southeast Asia, to Australia. However, the species number within Abroma Jacq. are variable in flora depends on countries. The species of A. augustum has branches being glabrous or tomentose, with reddish-purple petals. The fruits are angular membranous capsule, with truncate apex. Based on Merrill’s revision in 1923, he agreed that only A. augustum distributed in Philippines, and mentioned there were spiny Abroma in Philippines at the same time. Moreover, there are numerous of specimen not consistent with description nowadays, such as petals being bright yellow, or apex of capsule being hooked, or stem being prickle. Flora de Filipinas edition 3 provided a colored illustration showing a yellow-petaled Abroma. The evidences support the fact that there is another type of Abroma exists. In addition to examination of the morphological variation, phylogenetic tree is reconstructed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) from the samples from China, Taiwan, Philippines, and Solomon Islands. The results showed that the molecular phylogeny of Abroma is consistent with morphological variation and geological distribution. In conclusion, the morphologic and phylogenetic results suggest that Abroma comprises of two taxa: Abroma augustum and A. brownii Tsai Hu.