- 學位論文
英國脫歐對英國全民健康服務制度(NHS)的影響
The Impact of Brexit on British National Health Service
摘要
1948年英國建立公醫傾向的「全民健康服務制度」(National Health Service; NHS)後，NHS即採稅收方式資助做為英國醫療服務制度的運作。但醫療人力資源、藥物與醫療設備的供應、以及NHS私有化問題卻是NHS自始至今一直存在的三大問題。2016年英國脫歐派強調「英國脫歐是解決NHS問題最好的選擇。」本論文乃以理性選擇制度主義檢視英國脫歐與NHS改革的關係。 本論文研究發現，英國脫歐前，英國長期在醫療人力、藥物與醫療設備高度依賴歐盟會員國的供給；而英國脫歐後，英國大量失去歐盟會員國醫療人力、藥物與醫療設備的支援，使得NHS的運作陷入困境；就連NHS的私有化也因與歐盟共同競爭、公共採購法規的藕斷絲連而進展有限。最後導致整個英國醫療照護制度仍舊問題重重，英國人看病仍然大排長龍，英國人的健康保障依舊沒有提昇。 是故，英國脫歐並未改善NHS的問題，英國脫歐未非NHS的最佳選擇。
並列摘要
When UK built NHS(National Health Service) in 1948. UK adopted a tax-funded model as the way how UK health system works. However, medical staff shortage, the supply of medicine and medical devices, and NHS privatization are three drawbacks of the NHS. 2016 the Brexiteers claimed: “Brexit was the best choice of UK, NHS.” This thesis, taking Rational Choice Institution theory as an analysis approach, analyzes the relationship between Brexit and the development of NHS. Before Brexit, NHS heavily rely on EU member states it workforces and supply of medicine and medical devices. After Brexit, the UK lost lots of support from EU member states, bringing NHS into crisis, even the privatization of NHS has limited progress due to not completely cutting out EU common competition and public procurement law. In conclusion, NHS is still full of problems. The NHS waiting list is longer, and the health of the British does not ameliorate. Overall, Brexit not benefit UK-NHS, Brexit is a wrong choice for UK、NHS.