大稻埕城市空間再結構與仕紳化2000年~2021年

本研究探討2000年「臺北市大同區大稻埕歷史風貌特定專用區」細部計畫實施後，至2021年COVID-19疫情嚴峻的21年期間，歷史街區旅遊化後，商業空間再結構的環境因素。研究從全球化城市旅遊化的消費主義意識，決定城市空間再結構的結果，並能生成仕紳化的論點，探討大稻埕在這一波城市進程的變動及影響層面。研究以人文區位學的空間觀點，掌握都市土地使用分區空間實務的實質空間規劃，將建築物使用許可之營業項目統計結果予以可視化，呈現街區店家回應國家政策的實際商業經濟活動空間。結果發現2000年的首版細部計畫以市街風貌及傳統產業的護育為階段性政策的實踐目標，至2010年期間的店屋修建逐現市街風貌保存的成效，街區產業的專業分工復甦在商業文化核心的歷史場域(十字街)，象徵地方的集體記憶再現。但僅靠傳統產業做為觀光經濟活動資源，並不能支持政策構想的城市文化經濟體之創造。2010年的127號店屋的保存與再生經驗，導入文化鑲嵌的社會作用，將傳統產業的文化經濟活動嵌入觀光的經濟活動，配合專用區附近的休閒與景觀資源，擴展城市觀光產業的生產模式，逐漸打開旅遊地的品牌知名度；然而，這樣的改變卻也讓傳統店屋的空間性逐漸消失。 2011年至2021年是大稻埕的旅遊化相關政策行銷密集的10年，觀光產業生產模式的穩定運作，促成觀光資源的區位擴張，但相對限縮傳統店家的成長空間。旅遊地的活動主要路徑(南街)，因政治性集體決策形成限制社會底層活動的暫時性「紅色路權」，研究認為週日徒步區必須納入仕紳化的空間標籤。研究也發現街區的南街出現個體店鋪因租金調漲造成空間位移，確認存在傳統認知的商業空間之仕紳化；另外，在城隍廟信仰文化品牌行銷，廟埕清理傳統飲食的商空化過程，出現宗教場域的仕紳化。最後，在大稻埕出現屋主自覺性的商營改變，使得傳統店屋空間性不再，是地方商人文化連結現代生活的結果，也顯現這個旅遊地的多元發展。綜觀大稻埕城市仕紳化的觀察結果，驗證21世紀全球化城市進程的仕紳化形式已趨向多元型態的論述。

關鍵字

旅遊化；經濟活動；區位擴張；空間位移；仕紳化

並列摘要

This study examines how the Dadaocheng Historic District reorganized its commercial space during the peak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2000 and 2021. From the perspective of consumerism awareness of globalized urban tourism, to determine the results of urban spatial reorganization, and how the Dadaocheng Historic District reorganizes its commercial space. Demonstration of commercial space reorganization in the area. The Emergence of Gentrification and the Changes and Influences of Dadaocheng in the Process Waves of urban processes are discussed. According to Human Ecology, the restructuring process of applied statistics aligns the organization of urban land use planning results with national economic strategies. The Dadaocheng urban renewal project was launched in 2000, focusing on historical protection, maintenance, restoration and reuse of urban streets. Ten years later, the neighborhoods are planned to be rebuilt and transformed in a nostalgic style, including streetscapes and commercial activities. It represents the past and evokes collective memory. However, merely replicating or duplicating is far from enough to revitalize urban areas, much less sustain and thrive tourism economies. Store No. 127 carries 10 years of experience in cultural protection and regeneration, and integrates retro elements into modern tourism resources, that is, cultural embedding. Since 2010, No. 127 is no longer just a traditional shop, but a commercial and unique economic activity with surrounding local shops. During this process, Daocheng has gradually formed its own tourism brand, tourism brand and lifestyle. On the other hand, the characteristics and sense of space of traditional shophouses are gradually weakening. From 2011 to 2021, Dadaocheng has been at the center of the national tourism policy. The above-mentioned business model has been well practiced, which further drives the location expansion of the local tourism industry and attracts more resources and tourists. However, this growth has had a negative impact on other potential developments in local stores. Although South Street is the main place for business operations, the pedestrian area is oppressed and restricted by some political decisions. The study finds that the Sunday pedestrian zone must become a symbol of gentrification. The study finds that when rising South Street rents lead to retail relocation, the spatial displacement of small stores is gentrified. At the same time, the study also noted gentrification in the religious sphere. The purpose of canceling the traditional catering business of Chenghuang Temple is to commercialize and create a cultural tourism brand. Eventually, traditional shop owners voluntarily changed the traditional way of doing business. While the development of traditional shops has shrunk, various developments have popped up on city streets, a consequence of the modernization of the old city. Entering the 21st century, the modernization of Dadaocheng presents a more diversified urban gentrification.