企業為追求長久經營,會投入研究發展試圖創新,以提升競爭力。對於所有權與經營權高度重疊之家族企業而言,具有監督與協助等功能之董事會必須在創新決策上發揮影響力,為企業做出最適當的決策。本研究探討企業創新如何受到董事會特性影響,並進一步探討董事會特性與創新之關聯在家族企業與非家族企業中有何差異,最後以公司治理相關政策之頒布前後做樣本區分,檢測公司治理政策是否對以上關係造成改變。本文選定台灣上市櫃公司為研究對象,樣本期間為2012年至2021年,採用一般迴歸模型與變數衡量誤差模型進行分析,比較使用不同模型估計之差異,並探討不同樣本之董事會特性與創新之關聯。實證結果發現,以創新之角度來說,家族企業與非家族企業所適合之公司治理機制有所不同。對家族企業而言,獨立董事比例與創新呈顯著負相關;開會次數與創新呈顯著正相關;女性董事比例、董事持股比例與總經理雙元性則對創新無顯著影響。此外,自由現金流量與創新呈顯著負相關,而企業規模與負債比率皆與創新呈顯著正相關。將樣本依時間區分,發現不同期間之董事會特性與創新之關係產生改變,顯示政策對此關聯性會造成影響,也代表政策之制定應考量企業型態的不同,才能對企業創新帶來幫助。
This study explores how firm innovation is affected by the characteristics of the board of directors, and further explores the differences between this relationship in family enterprises and non-family enterprises. We also discuss the impact of corporate governance policy to find out how it affects the relationship between board characteristics and innovation. Data were collected from listed companies in Taiwan during the period of 2012-2021. We separate the samples and use OLS and EIV models to compare the differences. For family enterprises, the proportion of independent directors has a significant negative relationship with innovation. The number of meetings has a significant positive relationship with innovation. The proportion of female directors, the proportion of directors' shareholding, and CEO duality have no significant impact on innovation. We also found that policies will affect the relationship between board characteristics and innovation.