台灣社會企業之策略分析─以有限責任台灣主婦聯盟生活消費合作社為例

近年來由於許多非營利組織的營運遇到挫折與困境，使組織在達成社會目的的過程中遇到了阻礙，因而產生了社會企業。社會企業改變過去非營利組織只以非營利手段來解決社會問題的營運策略，其運用商業模式來達成社會問題，將運用商業手段賺取的獲利，以固定的比例再度投入組織中來幫助組織解決社會問題。本文欲探討作為社會中第三部門的社會企業，對社會企業使用SWOT分析工具，分析我國社會企業的實際案例─有限責任台灣主婦聯盟生活消費合作社，列出此個案的優勢、劣勢、機會、威脅，並看回社會企業的概念，列出我國社會企業可能面臨到的組織內環境、外環境。並以OECD提出的公司治理六項原則為架構，分析社會企業組織的策略及在不同的組織生命週期中的階段策略，了解主婦聯盟合作社使用了的何種策略才造就了今日的主婦聯盟合作社。本文將使用文獻分析法對過去專家學者的文章、報章雜誌中，蒐集相關理論與資料，並對本文所選取的個案─有限責任台灣主婦聯盟生活消費合作社進行個案分析，將分析後的結果進行討論，最後從分析主婦聯盟合作社後的研究發現，給予我國社會企業組織建議。

關鍵字

社會企業；策略；組織生命週期理論； SWOT分析；公司治理；主婦聯盟合作社

並列摘要

In recent years, due to many non-profit organizations have operation problems, the organizations have encountered obstacles in the process of achieving social goals, resulting in social enterprises were founded. Social enterprises change the operating strategies that are different from non-profit organizations. Non-profit organizations only use non-profit methods to solve social problems. But social enterprises use business models to earn profits and achieve social problems. Social enterprises re-enter the profit into organization to help organizations solve social problems. This article wants to explore the social enterprise as the third sector in the society, use SWOT analysis tools for social enterprises, and analyze the actual case of social enterprises in Limited Responsibility Homemakers Union Consumers Co-op, list the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of this case. And look back at the concept of social enterprise, and list the internal and external environment that the social enterprise in Taiwan may face. Based on the six principles of corporate governance proposed by the OECD, the paper analyzes the main principles of social enterprise organizations and the stage strategies in different organizational life cycles, and understands the strategies used by Homemakers Union Consumers Co-op to create today’s Homemakers Union Consumers Co-op. This article will use the literature analysis method to collect relevant theories and materials from past experts and scholars' articles, newspapers and magazines, and analyze the case selected in this article--Limited Responsibility Homemakers Union Consumers Co-op, and discuss the analyzed results. Finally, from the analysis of the analysis of the Homemakers Union Consumers Co-op, it was found that the organization of social enterprise organizations in Taiwan.