- 學位論文
臺灣「國機國造」政策-以高教機為例
Taiwan Indigenous Aircraft Design and Building Policy : A Case of Advanced Jet Trainers.
摘要
國防自主是臺灣一直以來推行的一項重要政策，旨在強化臺灣的整體國防工業，使國防裝備的選擇上不再只有外購的選項。自從退出聯合國及與美國斷交後，臺灣便開始了未曾中斷的國機國造計畫，從PL-1介壽號教練機、中興號教練機、XC-2中型運輸機、AT-3高級教練機、IDF經國號戰鬥機，均是國機國造下的產物，無奈臺灣自1989年AT-3高級教練機與1999年IDF經國號戰機停產後，相關國機國造政策便沒有後續，與其相關的航空工業廠商也紛紛轉往民用航空市場發展，臺灣軍用航空工業便開始邁向空窗期。 隨著空軍提出更換AT-3高級教練機的需求，國內外航太廠商紛紛遞出橄欖枝，希望能取的標案。2014年馬英九政府時期，漢翔公司與M-346生產商Leonardo公司簽屬合作備忘錄，使高教機不是單純的外購而是「洋機國造」，由漢翔公司負責在臺灣組裝。 2016年蔡英文總統上任後，大力推動國防自主，其中一項便為「高教機國機國造」，並於2017年與中山科學研究院簽屬委製協議書，由中科院、漢翔公司合作生產新式高教機。也使原本趨於定案的「洋機國造」便成了純粹的「國機國造」，漢翔公司2020年將原型機首飛，短短近兩年時間便從研發至首飛，讓世界看到臺灣的航空研發潛力。 不論是外機自製或是自研自製，這兩種方法都能使臺灣航空工業重新發展研發能量與技術人才，藉由本次的新式高教機國機國造，為下一代國造戰機做暖身。
並列摘要
National defense self-sufficiency has been an important policy promoted in Taiwan for a long time. The aim is to strengthen Taiwan's overall defense industry and provide options other than solely relying on foreign purchases for defense equipment. Since Taiwan's withdrawal from the United Nations and severance of diplomatic ties with the United States, Taiwan has continued its uninterrupted domestic production of military aircraft, including the PL-1 Jian Shou trainer, Chung Hsing trainer, XC-2 medium transport aircraft, AT-3 advanced trainer, and IDF fighter, all of which were produced domestically. However, since the cessation of production of the AT-3 advanced trainer in 1989 and the IDF fighter in 1999, relevant domestic production policies have not been continued, and related aerospace industry manufacturers have turned to the civil aviation market for development. As a result, Taiwan's military aviation industry has entered a period of hiatus. With the Air Force's demand for replacing the AT-3 advanced trainer, both domestic and foreign aerospace manufacturers have presented proposals, hoping to win the bid. During Ma Ying-jeou's presidency in 2014, Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation (AIDC) and Leonardo, the manufacturer of the M-346 aircraft, signed a memorandum of understanding for cooperation, turning the advanced trainer into not only a foreign purchase but also a domestically produced aircraft assembled by AIDC in Taiwan. After President Tsai Ing-wen took office in 2016, she vigorously promoted national defense self-sufficiency, including the "domestic production of advanced trainers" policy. In 2017, the National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST) and AIDC signed a commissioned agreement to jointly produce a new type of advanced trainer. This turned the previously determined "foreign purchase and domestic assembly" into purely "domestic production." AIDC completed the first flight of the prototype in 2020, taking just under two years from research and development to the first flight. This demonstrates Taiwan's potential in aerospace research and development. Regardless of self-manufacturing or self-research and development, both methods can help Taiwan's aerospace industry regain its research and development capabilities and technical talent. Through the domestic production of the new type of advanced trainer, it serves as a prepare for the next generation of domestically produced fighter jets.