消逝的社區：政府、教會與「救總」影響下的香港調景嶺

1949年，國共內戰導致中華民國政府撤退至臺灣，引發大規模移民潮。調景嶺在香港歷史中扮演著特殊的角色。本論文從1950年至1996年的歷史角度，深入探討調景嶺的興衰變遷。調景嶺的起源可追溯至1950年，香港政府將7,000名難民遷至這片荒山野嶺，建立難民營。初期生活極艱苦，然而，教會傳教士和中華民國政府的中國大陸災胞救濟總會努力改善生活條件。同時，調景嶺也成為反共宣傳的據點，以及被稱為「文化堡壘」的教育重鎮。然而，1990年代隨著香港主權移交，面臨清拆命運。調景嶺居民為保護權益成立委員會，經過努力協商後於1996年遷往新居，留下調景嶺變成地鐵站的名稱，原址則經開發和填海轉變成高密度住宅區。雖然現今調景嶺已成為歷史，由於調景嶺在香港和中華民國政府中有獨特地位，所以對這段被遺忘的歷史進行深入瞭解。本文引用民間資料，官方檔案與口述訪談，以新角度研究調景嶺，以居民和香港本地人的視角，探討他們對中華民國政府、教會、中國大陸災胞救濟總會與調景嶺清拆的看法。藉由瞭解調景嶺居民後代對調景嶺的看法，與第一代的區別，探討這個曾經被遺忘的地方，如何在人們的記憶中再次浮現。

關鍵字

調景嶺；調景嶺居民；中國大陸災胞救濟總會；教會；中華民國政府；調景嶺清拆

並列摘要

In 1949, the Chinese Civil War led to the retreat of the National Government of the Republic of China to Taiwan, triggering a massive wave of migration. Rennie's Mill played a unique role in Hong Kong's history during this period. This paper delves into the rise and fall of Rennie's Mill from 1950 to 1996. The origin of Rennie's Mill can be traced back to 1950 when the Hong Kong government relocated 7,000 refugees to this desolate area, establishing a Rennie's Mill Refugee Camp. Initially, life was extremely difficult; however, the efforts of Western missionary groups and The Free China Relief Association from the Taiwan government improved living conditions. After, Rennie's Mill became a base for anti-communist propaganda and an "educational fortress" known for its cultural significance. However, with the transfer of sovereignty in the 1990s, Rennie's Mill faced the fate of demolition. Residents formed a committee to protect their rights, and after intense negotiations, they relocated to new homes in 1996. The Rennie's Mill remained in memory as a name for a Hong Kong public transport station, while its original site underwent development and reclamation, transforming into a high-density residential area. Though Rennie's Mill is now a part of history, its unique status in Hong Kong and Taiwan warrants a thorough understanding of this forgotten past. This paper aims to explore the perspectives of residents and locals regarding the Taiwan government, the church, the relief association, and the demolition of Tiu Keng Leng. By understanding the views of Rennie's Mill 's descendants and examining the differences between generations, it seeks to uncover how this once-forgotten place resurfaces in people's memories.