- 學位論文
中國能源消費與污染排放之EKC模型實證研究
The EKC Test for the Relationship Chinese Energy consumption and Emission
摘要
環境顧志耐曲線(EKC)假設環境污染與人均所得之間存在倒“U”的關係。許多相關的實證研究多以選取環境污染指標、貿易以及人口變數等，檢驗EKC的現象是否存在。然而，極少有文獻考慮能源相關變數檢驗EKC的現象是否存在，因此本文加入石油和煤炭消費量二種能源變數進行實證分析。 本文利用中國大陸1995∼2006年各省年資料，以縱橫資料分析法檢驗環境污染和經濟成長的關係。在變數選擇上，二氧化硫(SO2)以及工業廢氣為環境污染指標，國民經濟成長(GDP)為經濟發展指標，其它變數包括：人口密度、外商直接投資、第二產業比例。 實證結果顯示，二氧化硫(SO2)和人均所得之間存在倒“U”的關係，在工業廢氣方面，則不存在EKC的現象。而煤炭消費均會導致二氣化硫(SO2)和工業廢氣排放量增加，石油消費僅會使工業廢氣排放量增加。在其它變數方面，國外直接投資和第二產業比例(工業)均會導致二氧化硫(SO2)和工業廢氣排放量增加，人口密度均不影響二種污染排放量。
並列摘要
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) assumed that there was an inverted“U” relationship between environmental pollution and per capita income. Many empirical studies examined those indicators of environmental degradation for testing the EKC hypothesis more of these papers concentrate on the additional variables such as trade, population and so on. However, these are less papers consider the energy variable for testing the EKC hypothesis. This paper tried to investigate the relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in China based on the EKC hypothesis by using Chinese provincial data over 1995－2006. Sulfur dioxide(SO2) and Waste gas are used as environmental indicators and GDP is used as economic indicator. The results show the relationship of Sulfur dioxide(SO2) and per capita income in inverse－U type, while Waste gas in not. Consuming Coal would to raise Sulfur dioxide(SO2) and Waste gas, but used oil only raise Waste gas. Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) and the secondary industry share would also raise Sulfur dioxide(SO2) and Waste gas.