360度全景技術應用於前清英國領事官邸導覽教材之發展

全景攝影是一種直接使用全景攝影機拍攝360度環景影像的方法，事後製作具有互動性的360度全景影像的網頁，網站能提供使用者身歷其境的感受。目前2D平面地圖、看板搭配文字及圖像是古蹟博物館常見的導覽資料，藉由印刷品及網站等方式向觀眾指示相關資訊。然而，對於初次接觸前清英國領事官邸的學生而言，要立即深入瞭解並完整掌握前清英國領事官邸之位置分配與建築特色細節是有困難的。目前新北市淡水區某國中創立一個古蹟導覽社團，上課方式為教師帶領學生進行實地考察為主，教學內容包含各淡水各古蹟的歷史由來及建築特色。然而，學生在學習的過程當中缺乏數位教材的輔助，因此本研究針對〈360度全景技術應用於前清英國領事官邸導覽員培訓教材之設計發展〉提出的模式進行更深入的檢測，改善其所提出的方法並呈現評鑑結果。採用設計本位研究法，利用360度全景技術提供教學雙方一份輔助教材，所發展之導覽教材內容包含前清英國領事官邸的歷史背景以及建築特色，使用重點整理的方式並搭配360全景照片呈現，協助學習者理解教學內容，透過前後測檢視教材是否能提升學習者認知方面的學習成效。訪談該國中的教務主任與社團教師了解校方需求與社團上課狀況，經立意取樣的13位社團學生作為分析階段的研究對象並進行預試，另外立意取樣29位八年級學生在使用教材後填寫USE使用性問卷並接受訪談，進而分析受試者對前清英國領事官邸導覽教材的使用效能與修改建議之結果，以及不同背景有否差異。根據USE使用性問卷結果顯示前清英國領事官邸導覽教材具有相當好的使用效能，經由訪談結果得出大部分的受試者對教材給予正面回饋，教材無需過多的修改。前後測平均分數的差異得出教材能夠提升學習者認知方面的學習成效，未來學校若是要將古蹟導覽課程推廣至各班級當中，前清英國領事官邸導覽教材能克服時間、氣候等限制，讓師生能立即在教室使用平板進行教學活動。

關鍵字

360度全景影像；導覽教材發展；使用效能

並列摘要

Panoramic photography is a direct shooting of a 360-degree panoramic image using a panoramic camera. The user will have an immersive feeling by watching the website of 360-degree panoramic images. Today's museum uses 2D maps, images, text, and websites as common navigation materials to indicate information to audiences. However, it is difficult for students to understand the relevant location and architectural details of the British Consular Residence in a short time. Currently, the class on historical heritage of the tour guide club of a junior high school in Tamsui is led by the teacher to conduct field trips. However, students lack systematic digital materials to learn and review. Therefore, this study is a design-based research and uses 360-degree panoramic technology to provide an auxiliary teaching material for users. It summarizes the history and architectural aesthetics of the residence. With the help of 10 panoramic photographs, it simulates the real building and provides users with a close-to-reality experience of visiting. Interviewing the director of academic affairs and the teacher of the tour guide club can recognize the needs of the school and understand the way that the tour guide club teaching status. There were thirteen students in the tour guide club as purposive samples in the analysis phase and pre-tested. Furthermore, twenty-nine 8th-grade students were selected as purposive samples for this study. The learning effectiveness was examined by comparing the scores of the two tests which were taken before and after the training respectively. The students also filled in the USE questionnaire. The average score of every aspect is above 5 based on the 7-point Likert scale. The interview results show that most of the users give positive feedback to the navigation materials. The students performed significantly better between two tests which also proves that the navigation materials can enhance the effectiveness of leaning. The navigation materials can overcome the limitations of time and climate, and it can help the school extend the guide tours to every class.