星新一短篇小說研究：社會諷刺與反烏托邦

日本的SF作家：星新一寫作超過千篇的短篇小說，其作品亦以預言社會現象聞名，雖然作者本人曾否認寫作時有刻意去隱射社會問題，但其短篇小說仍被認為在諷刺許多社會所抱持的問題，例如環境汙染、戰爭、和社會的反烏托邦化。反烏托邦一詞不時被用來批評世界上部分極權國家對其人民的百般壓抑，尤其對台灣人而言應該並不陌生。鑒於近年世上對自由人權的壓抑層出不窮，反烏托邦社會的形象越來越具體，筆者認為有其需要回到原點，探討何謂反烏托邦，進而理解反烏托邦文學在現代社會的價值。而以預言聞名的星新一的短篇小說，對現代社會而言應當更具有這種價值。本論先對作者星新一進行介紹與剖析，以了解作品的寫作背景，再探討何謂反烏托邦文學，理解其身為諷刺文學的本質之後，再從星新一作品中挑選有反烏托邦氣息的作品進行分析與整理。最後從現代讀者對反烏托邦作品的反應的變化之中，得出結論反烏托邦代表著現代人普遍的恐懼，而反烏托邦文學的意義在於具體的反映出這種恐懼，可說是對理想社會的一種指標。而當反烏托邦文學不再被視為反烏托邦文學時，反烏托邦文學的作品亦可說是紀錄了時代的改變。

關鍵字

星新一；短篇小說；社會諷刺；反烏托邦

並列摘要

Hoshi Shinichi wrote more than a thousand short stories, and his works are also known for foreseeing social issues. His short stories are considered to be satirical works, representing many social issues, such as environmental issues, war, and dystopia. The term dystopia is used from time to time to criticize the suppression of its people by some of the world's totalitarian states, Given that suppression of human rights is constantly happening in recent years, I believe that it’s needed to understand what is dystopia, and the value of dystopian literature in modern society. The short stories of Hoshi Shinichi, known for foreseeing, should be qualified for this. This thesis start form introduces and analyzes Hoshi Shinichi, in order to understand the background of his works, and then definite what is dystopian literature, understand its essence as a satirical work, and then choose short stories about dystopian from Hoshi Shinichi's works, to analyze and organize. In the end, it is concluded that dystopia represents the common fear of modern world, and the significance of dystopian literature is to specifically reflect this fear. When dystopian literature is no longer regarded as dystopian literature, the works of dystopian literature can be said to has recorded the represented of the times.