RC建築結構之最經濟設計模式

現在全世界最通用的建築材料還是屬於鋼筋及混凝土，因為近代環保意識抬頭，大眾都是希望能以較少和較便宜的RC材料來完成建築結構，因此減低所消耗的材料便為我們21世紀的人及需要解決的問題。目前國人大多使用結構分析軟體來進行結構設計，經由假設、分析、校核、調整、再分析及再校核等步驟完成定案，設計者所完成之定案後，仍然不是最經濟方案。因此本文著重於探討最經濟之RC建築幾何配置，包含最經濟梁柱之設計模式、最經濟跨度之設計模式、最經濟層高之設計模式，來進行RC建築結構最佳化設計模式，藉以使建築結構之RC材料使用量及結構造價可以大幅的減少。本文首先針對不同受力狀況之鋼筋混凝土桿件斷面，以搜尋法探討建立桿件斷面尺寸之最經濟設計模式；再以ETABS軟體分析，探討建立鋼筋混凝土構架之啟發式迭代最佳化分析模式；最後進一步探討建立鋼筋混凝土建築結構之啟發式迭代最佳化分析模式。研究結果顯示，利用本文建立之桿件斷面尺寸最經濟設計模式、啟發式迭代最佳化分析模式，皆可獲得材料數量最少化之最佳化設計。本研究之研究成果可大幅提升國內鋼筋混凝土建築結構最佳化設計之實用性。

關鍵字

鋼筋混凝土；最佳化設計；啟發式迭代法；搜尋法

並列摘要

Nowadays, reinforcement and concrete are still the most commonly used materials of construction. Environmental awareness has risen in recent year, as a result, it is expected that people construct buildings by using less and cheaper materials. Consequently, it has become a contemporarily significant issue how to reduce consumption of building materials. Most people in Taiwan design structure through applying structural analysis software, which makes final projects by repeating the process including assumption, analysis, revision, and adjustment. However, this is not the most economical approach to finalize the project. In order to explore approaches to drastically decrease the usage of Reinforced Concrete (RC) and the cost of construction, the thesis of this dissertation focuses on discussing RC Configuration which includes the most economical design mode of beam and column, the most economical design mode of span and the most economical design mode of story height to design the most optimized structural design mode. Firstly, this dissertation establish search method for the optimal design of RC section dimensions. Then, analyzing by ETAB software, optimized analysis mode of establishing RC frame and structure is explored. It is evident that the optimal design for the minimization of the number of materials can be achieved. As a result, this optimal design pattern can be widely used in various fields and solved complex engineering problems.