- 學位論文
觀看短影音對認知功能的影響：以語文理解能力為衡量
The Impact of Watching Short Videos on Cognitive Function: Measuring Language Comprehension Ability
摘要
近年來，短影片平台（如TikTok、Instagram reels和YouTube shorts）的普及改變了人們的生活方式。這些平台上的短影片以其快速、有趣的內容吸引大量用戶，特別以年輕世代為大宗。然而，這些短影片平台的成功主要歸功於其獨特的功能設計、用戶互動機制及個性化推薦系統，這些特點促使用戶長時間沉浸其中，進而讓用戶產生成癮問題，甚至心理上的問題。 短影片平台訊息傳遞的方式和傳統文本閱讀截然不同，因此本研究想要探討此種方式是否會對用戶有負面影響。媒體使用與認知結果之間存在負相關關係，而語文理解能力是人類認知功能的重要組成部分，涉及到讀者在閱讀和理解文本時對訊息的建構和處理。語文理解不僅依賴於讀者的詞彙量和先驗知識，工作記憶也在語文理解中起著至關重要的作用，然而短影片所呈現的連續資訊可能會導致沉重的認知負荷，使得讀者的語文理解能力可能會受到影響。此外，注意力是認知功能的一個關鍵組成部分，頻繁觀看短影片可能會使用戶的注意力持續時間縮短。由於這些影片通常是幾秒鐘長，使用者的注意力往往無法持續很長時間，這樣的狀況可能會使用戶更傾向於追求即時的滿足感，而不是長時間的思考。久而久之，短影片高度刺激性和快速切換的特性，可能會使用戶失去批判思考和決策的能力，進而影響個體的智力。 綜上所述，短影片平台的快速發展和普及對用戶的認知功能提出了新的挑戰。本研究旨在通過研究探討觀看短影片是否會對用戶的認知功能產生顯著影響，因此，本研究招集20個受試者，觀察受試者在連續觀賞短影片一小時的前後測對題數，樣本收集完成後，利用配對樣本 t 檢定來判斷結果是否顯著。雖然測驗結果為不顯著，但在本研究中還是得到許多回饋，像是受試者若是提前知道研究內容可能會影響研究結果，受試者可能會因為反叛心理，而更加認真地填答後測，造成後測對題數較高的情況發生，此外，本研究也總結出研究結果不顯著的可能原因。因此，本研究建議未來研究應該製作更加全面和完整的研究方法，期望為短影片的健康使用提供理論依據和建議。清楚讓短影片平台的用戶了解短影片對於個體的認知功能的影響，也期望開發者能設計更健康的使用介面與功能，讓使用者在使用短影片平台時能夠在娛樂與健康之中取得平衡。
並列摘要
In recent years, the popularity of short video platforms (such as TikTok, Instagram reels and YouTube shorts) has changed people’s lifestyles. Short videos on these platforms attract a large number of users, especially the younger generation, with their fast and interesting content. However, the success of these short video platforms is mainly due to their unique functional design, user interaction mechanism and personalized recommendation system. These characteristics encourage users to immerse themselves in them for a long time, which in turn causes users to develop addiction problems and even psychological problems. The method of message transmission on the short video platform is completely different from traditional text reading, so this study wants to explore whether this method will have a negative impact on users. There is a negative correlation between media use and cognitive outcomes, and language comprehension is an important part of human cognitive function, involving the reader's construction and processing of information when reading and understanding text. Chinese language comprehension not only relies on the reader's vocabulary and prior knowledge, but working memory also plays a vital role in Chinese language comprehension. However, the continuous information presented in short videos may cause heavy cognitive load, which will make the reader's Chinese language comprehension difficult. Comprehension may be affected. Additionally, attention is a key component of cognitive function, and frequent viewing of short videos may shorten a user's attention span. Since these videos are usually a few seconds long, users' attention spans tend not to last very long, which may make users more inclined to pursue immediate gratification rather than long-term reflection. Over time, the highly stimulating and fast switching characteristics of short videos may cause users to lose their ability to think critically and make decisions, thereby affecting individual intelligence. To sum up, the rapid development and popularity of short video platforms has posed new challenges to users’ cognitive functions. The purpose of this study is to explore whether watching short videos has a significant impact on users' cognitive functions. Therefore, this study recruited 20 subjects and observed the number of correct questions in pre-tests and post-tests after watching short videos for one hour. , after the sample collection is completed, use the paired sample t-test to determine whether the results are significant. Although the test results were not significant, we still received a lot of feedback in this study. For example, if the subjects knew the research content in advance, it might affect the research results. The subjects might fill in the post-test more seriously because of their rebellious mentality. resulting in a higher number of correct questions in the post-test. In addition, this study also summarized possible reasons for the nonsignificant results. Therefore, this study recommends that future research should produce more comprehensive and complete research methods, hoping to provide theoretical basis and suggestions for the healthy use of short videos. Clearly let users of the short video platform understand the impact of short videos on individual cognitive functions, and also hope that developers can design healthier user interfaces and functions so that users can gain entertainment and health when using the short video platform.