- 學位論文
牙體技術與牙醫之團隊溝通與效能-牙體技術師觀點
The communication and effectiveness between Dental technician and Dentist- a view of Dental technician
摘要
台灣牙科診所林立，在診所中每位牙醫師自成專屬的牙醫臨床團隊，團隊中以牙醫師為中心為患者進行詳細且縝密的專業牙科治療與義齒製作，團隊成員間的專業合作與技術溝通是決定療程是否成功之因素。本研究採用質性研究法探討哪些因素會影響牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊的溝通，了解牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊的溝通效能之關係、如何改善牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊的溝通以及牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊的未來發展？並以牙體技術師之觀點作為論點分析。以立意取樣邀請具有牙體技術執照並有兩年以上相關工作經驗，同意參加本研究之訪談對象簽署研究對象同意書後，以個人訪談模式收集訪談後的資料作為研究分析。 本研究採用質性研究，研究對象為14位牙體技術師，採用深入訪談法，了解他們對牙醫師與牙體技術師團隊的溝通與溝通效能的關係。訪談期間自2021年12月至2022年01月止。以質性資料分析的主題分析法歸納訪談資料。 研究結果共歸納如下幾個議題： 一、影響溝通效能的因素： (一)影響牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊溝通效能的因素(包含：團隊異地合作限制、臨床醫療行為對後續義齒製程與裝戴的認知落差) (二)義齒設計指示單的完整性(包含：書面指示單的完整性、牙醫師提供義齒製作之模型條件的完整性) (三)團隊溝通管道之有效性與即時性(包含：使用什麼溝通方式、時代潮流下溝通模式轉變) (四)團隊成員間的溝通對溝通效能的影響(包含：團隊成員溝通意願會影響溝通效能、經由第三方傳達資訊的影響、跨團隊成員傳遞訊息會影響溝通效能、團隊成員的專業程度會影響溝通效能) 二、團隊角色認同對團隊運作的影響： (一)牙體技術師角色之溝通現況(包含：專業位階之角色溝通、團隊合作關係之定位) (二)臨床團隊角色之轉換(包含：模擬牙醫師在臨床的思維並進行思考與執行工作、設法體會患者心理與生理角度來製作義齒) 三、改善牙體技術團隊與牙醫團隊之溝通效能： (一)改善團隊效能之方法(包含：工作環境的舒適性、工作時間安排合宜、技術費用的分配性、加強牙體技術師與牙醫師之間的溝通、增加團隊專業溝通管道、提升團隊成員專業度、明確的工作指引與規範制度) 四、牙體技術團隊與牙醫之團隊的未來發展： (一)牙體技術團隊與牙醫之團隊未來發展模式(包含：團隊數位製程的轉型、醫療院所專業化整合) 解決牙醫師與牙技師溝通現況的方法如下：第一是溝通，牙體技術師直接與牙醫師溝通，第二是牙體技術師須提升自身專業程度，也須讓牙醫師了解牙體技術師製作義齒的工作程序，第三是跨團隊溝通技巧，跨團隊溝通容易因傳達者的敘述而有不同的見解，在傳遞訊息方面須多加注意才能避免誤傳的問題發生。牙醫師團隊與牙體技術師團隊的成員專業領域與程度都有大幅度的差異，相對地對於自身工作定位就會與其他團隊有不同的看法，改善工作環境打造出適合高工時的場域，找出可以在雙方團隊中較為和諧且無刻板印象的模式來溝通會是維持團隊高效率之方法。 牙醫師團隊與牙體技術師團隊本身專業領域與團隊運作模式不同，本研究訪談資料分析過程中找到可以互相解決溝通效能問題的方法，牙體技術師除了提升自身技術與跨團隊專業知識以外，在學生的牙體技術教程中增加與牙醫相關之臨床科目與增加臨床實習時間，與牙醫師溝通可以比較完善，亦可提升牙醫師對牙體技術師的信任感與專業程度，對於未來牙醫師與牙體技術師的合作與跨團隊臨床合作有很大幫助。
並列摘要
There are many dentists in Taiwan, and they form their own exclusive clinical team of dentists in the Taiwan dentistry clinic, dentists in the team provide detailed and meticulous professional dental treatment and denture production for patients, professional cooperation and technical communication among team members are the factors that determine the success of the treatment. This study used a qualitative research method to explore the relationship between the communication between the dentist and the dental technician team and the communication effectiveness, understand what factors affect the communication between dentists and dental technicians, the effectiveness of communication, how to improve communication between dentists and dental technicians, and the future development of dentists and dental technicians? And take the dental technician's point of view as the argument analysis. Intentional sampling invites with a dental technology license and more than two years of relevant work experience, after the interview subjects who agreed to participate in this study signed the research subject consent form, the data after the interview was collected in the personal interview mode as the research analysis. This study was a qualitative study with 14 dental technicians. In-depth interviews were used to understand their relationship with dentists and dental technicians' communication and communication effectiveness. The interview period is from January 2022 to March 2022. The interview data were summarized by thematic analysis method of qualitative data analysis. The findings of the study are summarized as follows: 1. Factors that affect the effectiveness of communication: (1) Factors affecting the communication efficiency between the dental technical team and the dental team (including: restrictions on team cooperation in different places, the cognitive gap between clinical medical behavior and subsequent denture manufacturing process and fitting) (2) The completeness of the denture design instruction sheet (including: the completeness of the written instruction sheet, the completeness of the model conditions provided by the dentist for denture fabrication) (3) Effectiveness and immediacy of team communication channels (including: what communication methods to use, changes in communication modes under the trend of the times) (4) The impact of communication among team members on communication effectiveness (including: the willingness of team members to communicate will affect communication effectiveness, the impact of communicating information through a third party, the transmission of information across team members will affect communication effectiveness, and the professionalism of team members will affect communication effectiveness) 2. The impact of team role identification on team operation: (1) Current status of the communication of the role of dental technicians (including: role communication of professional rank, positioning of team cooperation relationship) (2) Transformation of clinical team roles (including: simulating the thinking of dentists in clinical practice and thinking and executing work, trying to understand the psychological and physiological perspectives of patients to make dentures) 3. Improve the communication efficiency between the dental technical team and the dental team: (1) Ways to improve team performance (including: the comfort of the working environment, the appropriate arrangement of working hours, the distribution of technical expenses, the strengthening of communication between dental technicians and dentists, the increase of professional communication channels in the team, and the promotion of team members Professionalism, clear work guidelines and normative systems) 4. The future development of dental technical team and dentist team: (1) The future development model of dental technical team and dental team (including: transformation of team digital process, professional integration of medical institutions) The methods to solve the difficulty of communication between dentists and dental technicians are as follows: firstly, communication, dental technicians communicate directly with dentists; The third is the inter-team communication skills for technicians to make dentures. Inter-team communication is easy to have different opinions due to the narration of the communicator. More attention must be paid to the transmission of information to avoid the problem of miscommunication. The professional fields and degrees of the members of the dental team and the dental technician team are greatly different. Relatively, they will have different views on their own work positioning from other teams. Improve the working environment and create a field suitable for high working hours, and find a more harmonious and stereotype-free mode of communication in both teams. It will be the way to maintain the high efficiency of the team. The dental team and the dental technician team have different professional fields and team operation modes, during the analysis of the interview data in this study, we found a way to solve the problem of communication efficiency, in addition to improving their own technology and cross-team professional knowledge, dental technicians by adding clinical subjects related to dentists and increasing clinical practice time in students' dental technology courses, communication with dentists can be more complete, and it can also enhance dentists' trust and professionalism in dental technicians, collaboration with dental technicians and cross-team clinical collaboration helps a lot.