台灣中部地區捐血者血漿製品可用率相關因素之探討-以乳糜血為例

研究背景：乳糜血(Lipemia)是指由於各種不同大小的脂蛋白顆粒引起血品混濁的現象。台中捐血中心過去所丟棄的血漿，其乳糜血的比例高達45％。透過衛教宣導加強捐血人對於乳糜血的認識與了解改善脂血的發生，增加血漿製品可利用率。研究方法：台中捐血中心在2013至2018年共有70,069人被檢視判定為乳糜血，進一步分析一般捐血人與註記乳糜血的捐血人的人口學資料、捐血次數與ALT檢驗數值差異性。2021年1-6月判定為乳糜血有1,518位，同意參與計畫之捐血人回函有201位，分析其人口學資料、血液檢驗數值，再與問卷作結合，分析乳糜血捐血人特質，並統計乳糜血的發生率或程度是否改善。研究結果： 2021年1-6月判定為乳糜血漿捐血者為0.79%，相較前幾年下降了2.81%。人口學分佈比率也有所變化，男女性別比率為9：1，男性上升8.6%。年齡比率為30~59歲，平均年齡為43.25±9.9歲，年齡上升0.94歲。BMI值過重比率為38.9%，上升9.33%，平均37.28±3.5，增加4.99。檢驗不合格共有24位佔脂血1.58％，下降了1.77%。結論討論：藉由乳糜血手冊的衛教宣傳，可提升血液的品質，降低乳糜血漿發生率，其研究結果，將可建立在未來類似研究相關依據，如政策宣導、衛教效果及邀約回捐血液等。

關鍵字

乳糜血；脂血；新鮮冷凍血漿；冷凍血漿；衛教手冊

並列摘要

Introduction： Chyle blood (Lipemia) refers to the phenomenon of plasma turbidity caused by lipoprotein particles of various sizes. The proportion of lipemia discarded by the Taichung Blood Center in the past is as high as 45 %. Through the promotion of education to strengthen the donor's cognition and understanding of lipemia, improve the occurrence of lipid blood, increase the availability of plasma products. Materials and Methods： From 2013 to 2018, a total of 70,069 donors in Taichung Blood Center were determined as lipemia. The demographic data, the number of blood donations and the differences in ALT test values between general blood donors and blood donors with lipemia were further analyzed. From January to June 2021, there were 1,518 lipemia. The 201 blood donors who agreed to participate in the project responded by analyzing their demographic data, blood test values, and then combined with the questionnaire to analyze the characteristics of the blood donor of, and statistics the of lipemia incidence. Results： From January to June 2021, 0.79% of blood donors were determined as lipemia, a decrease of 2.81% compared with previous years. The demographic distribution ratio has also changed, with the male-to-female ratio of 9:1 and males rising by 8.6%. The age ratio was 30-59 years old, the average age was 43.25±9.9 years old, and the age increased by 0.94 years. The BMI overweight ratio was 38.9%, an increase of 9.33%, with an average of 37.28±3.5, an increase of 4.99. A total of 24 unqualified blood donors accounted for 1.58% of lipemia, a decrease of 1.77%. Discussion： The quality of blood can be improved and the incidence of lipemia plasma can be reduced through the publicity of health education in the Chyle Blood Handbook. The results of the research will be established in similar research in the future basis, such as policy propaganda, health education, and invitation to return to donate blood, etc... .