- 學位論文
探討Diras在小鼠腦中分布之情形
The expression patterns of Diras in mouse brain
摘要
Ras superfamily是一群包含超過150個以上的GTPases的蛋白質家族，主要有Ras、Rho、Rab、Ran與Arf五個分支，是GDP/GTP的調控開關，與許多的癌症有高度的相關性。過去的研究中已經知道Ras superfamily中的Rac1、Cdc42和RhoA與神經系統有關，特別是在神經元(neurons)發育的部分。之後，在人類膠質母細胞瘤（human glioblastomas），找到了Ras superfamily中的DIRAS蛋白，與疾病的發展及預後有很明顯的關聯。承續著斑馬魚(zebarfish)的實驗，本研究利用蘇木紫伊紅染色(H&E stain)與免疫化學染色(immunohistochemistry stain)的方式，分析DIRSA在成年小鼠與幼年小鼠大腦中分布情況，藉以了解DIRSA對於小鼠神經發育及功能的影響。結果顯示DIRSA遍佈於小鼠的大腦內，在成年小鼠中的視丘(Thalamus)、中腦(Midbrain)與小腦(Cerebellum)有較強的反應，而幼鼠則是在腦橋(pontine)與前端次級前腦(stral secondary prosencephalon)中，由此可知，DIRAS對於腦部發展極為重要，特別是訊息傳遞與自主神經系統。展望未來，希冀能詳知DIRSA對於人類大腦發育與神經系統的影響，進而對於人類的疾病治療有所助益。
關鍵字
小鼠並列摘要
Ras superfamily contains more than 150 GTPases and can be divided into five mainly branches such as Ras, Rho, Rab, Ran and Arf. The activities of Ras family proteins are regulated by switching of GDP / GTP. Ras family proteins are highly related with many cancers. It is well known the Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA in the Ras superfamily play a role in the nervous system, especially the development of the neurons. Later on, the DIRAS protein in the Ras superfamily was identified in the human glioblastomas which is significantly associated with the progression and prognoses of glioblastoma.In order to understand how DIRSA affects the development and the function of the nervous system, we used immunohistochemistry stain to analyze the distribution of DIRSA in brains of adult mice and 15.5E mice. The results showed that DIRSA was found all over the brains with stronger expression in thalamus, midbrain and cerebellum of the adult mice's brains and in the pontine and stral secondary prosencephalon of 15.5E. Our results revealed that DIRAS is extremely important for the development of the brains. In the future, we will investigate whether DIRSA affects human brain development and could be a potential target for treatment of human diseases.