- 學位論文
影響血液中superoxide與hydroxyl radical測定之因素以及健康成人和病人自由基濃度之探討
The study of the factors that influence the measurement of blood levels of superoxide and hydroxyl radical and the study of the free radical levels in healthy adults and patients
摘要
自由基( free radical )是指帶有不成對電子(unpaired electron)的分子、原子或離子，由於自由基半衰期非常短，性質極不穩定，具有較高的反應性，故容易搶奪其他分子(如蛋白質、碳水化合物、脂肪等物質)的電子來穩定自身結構；而被搶走電子的物質會變得不穩定，繼而產生一連串的電子轉移的連鎖反應(chain reaction)，造成不斷地有新的自由基產生。而生物體內的抗氧化防禦系統，如抗氧化酵素系統、抗氧化物等，可幫助減少自由基的產生，並且維持體內氧化物質與抗氧化物質之平衡，保護細胞免於氧化壓力的傷害。但是當自由基過量表現且平衡狀態被破壞時，則自由基會對細胞或組織都會造成更大的傷害，而導致許多疾病的發生，如心血管疾病、呼吸系統或神經系統等方面的疾病以及細胞老化與致癌機率的增加。因此本研究用超微量化學發光分析儀(Ultra-weak chemiluminescence analyzer)來分析健康成人與不同疾病的病患全血中superoxide與hydroxyl radical的濃度，觀察檢測時間與抗凝固劑的成份是否會影響自由基的測定。並且也探討正常人的年齡、生理狀況、生活習慣還有各項血液檢驗數據和各疾病對於自由基值的影響與關係。結果顯示，檢測時間、抗凝固劑成分或個人生理因素對自由基都沒有影響，但是發現健康成人的氧自由基量較低，而三種疾病的病患其superoxide與hydroxyl radical的濃度都有上升的現象，並且也具有明顯的差異性變化。因此本研究建議此兩項自由基的測定，並不適合當作是疾病的指標，而可以作為日後個人保健效果之追蹤參考。
並列摘要
A free radical is an atom, ion, or a molecule which has at least one unpaired electron. Due to a extremely short half-life, free radical is very unstable and has a high reactivity rate. In order to stabilize themself, free radicals are likely attack other molecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, or lipids, to obtain electrons and causes a chain of free radical reaction. These chain reactions produce continous increases of new free radicals. Fortunately life forms use antioxidant defense systems (antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant) to decrease the production of free radicals in aerobic organisms, keep a balance between oxidants and antioxidants and thus protect cell from the damage caused oxidative stresses. However, when there are too many free radicals and the balance is offset, the free radicals will cause damage to cells or tissue and lead to many diseases, such as cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous defect system, ageing and cancer. This study uses Ultra-weak chemilumines- cence Analyzer to analyze the circular levels of superoxide and hydroxyl radical of healthy adults and patients with various diseases. We first studied two variables, experimental time and the anticoagulant used, that might affect the measurement of free radicals. Then, the relationships between the concentration of free radicals and the age, body condition, living habits, blood test data and diseases of subjects were examined. The result showed that these factors (experimentational time, anticoagulant ingredients or individual parameters) do not affect the levels of free radicals. However, healthy people have lower levels of free radicals than patients with three types of diseases. Therefore, it is suggested that superoxide and hydroxyl radical should not be used as an indication of disease, instead should be used as a follow-up reference to stay healthy.