大學生五大人格特質與心理幸福感之關係探討：以社會支持為中介變項

本研究旨在探討大學生五大人格特質、社會支持與心理幸福感的關係。研究對象為全國大學生，採方便取樣法進行問卷調查，有效樣本共 801 人。研究工具包含「簡式版 IPIP 五大人格量表」、「社會支持量表」及「簡式中文心理幸福感量表」。所得資料以 SPSS 19.0 進行描述性統計、差異檢定、相關分析、迴歸分析以及 Sobel 檢定。結果發現：一、不同性別大學生之人格特質差異性：（一）僅女性大學生的友善性程度高於男性大學生；（二）在其他人格特質（外向性、謹慎性、情緒穩定性和開放性）方面，不同性別之間並未達到顯著差異。二、不同性別之大學生在社會支持方面具有顯著差異，男性大學生的社會支持程度顯著低於女性大學生；在不同年級之間並未觀察到社會支持的顯著差異。三、不論性別或年級，大學生在幸福感得分上並未達到顯著差異。四、大學生的五大人格特質（外向性、謹慎性、友善性、情緒穩定性和開放性）與心理幸福感呈現正相關。五、人格特質中（外向性、謹慎性、友善性、情緒穩定性及開放性）和社會支持有顯著正相關。六、大學生的心理幸福感與社會支持之間呈正相關。七、社會支持在外向性、友善性和情緒穩定性與幸福感之間皆具有部分中介效果。社會支持在謹慎性和開放性與心理幸福感間不具有中介效果。最後，本研究根據研究結果提出建議，作為大學生、實務工作者，及未來研究的參考。

關鍵字

五大人格特質；心理幸福感；社會支持

並列摘要

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Big Five personality traits, social support, and psychological well-being among undergraduate students. Participants in the study consisted of undergraduate students from across the country. A convenience sampling method was employed for the questionnaire survey, resulting in a total of 801 valid responses. The research instruments included the "Brief Version of the IPIP Big Five Personality Scale," the "Social Support Scale," and the "Brief Chinese Psychological Well-being Scale." Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 19.0 software, involving descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Sobel tests. The findings are summarized as follows: 1.Differences in personality traits among undergraduate students of different genders:(1)Only female undergraduate students exhibited significantly higher levels of agreeableness compared to male undergraduate students.(2)No significant differences were observed in other personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness) between different genders. 2.Significant gender differences in social support were observed, with male undergraduate students reporting lower levels of social support compared to female undergraduate students. However, no significant differences in social support were found between different grade levels. 3.Regardless of gender or grade level, there were no significant differences in psychological well-being scores among undergraduate students. 4.The Big Five personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability, and openness) were positively correlated with psychological well-being among undergraduate students. 5.There is a significant positive correlation between personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability, and openness) and social support. 6.Psychological well-being among undergraduate students was positively correlated with social support. 7.Social support partially mediated the relationships between extraversion, agreeableness, emotional stability, and psychological well-being. Social support did not mediate the relationships between conscientiousness and openness with psychological well-being. In conclusion, based on the study results, the researchers offer recommendations for undergraduate students, practitioners, and future research as valuable references.