- 學位論文
使用C-dots進行選擇性電化學和光學檢測水中鋁離子濃度與評估精油作為失智症 輔助治療的潛力
Selective electrochemical and optic detection of aluminum ions (Al3+) in aqueous media by carbon dots (C-dots) and assessing the potential of essential oils as adjunctive therapy for dementia
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摘要
使用具有螢光性質的碳點作為電化學和光學分析水中重金屬離子含量的基質材料。由於電化學分析和螢光分析這二種方法為不同反應機制，因此可以利用這二種方法同時定量水中Al3+的含量，達到交叉驗證實驗結果的效果。世界衛生組織(WHO)推薦每人每周最大的Al3+攝入量為 7 mg/kg(體重)，每日建議攝入身體的Al3+量為3 ~ 10 mg。WHO規定水質檢測的鋁離子含量需在0.15 ppm內，中華民國環保署則是規定在0.2 ppm內，過多的鋁離子會影響身體健康，進而造成疾病，例如阿茲海默症等。C-dots本身具有光致發光特性。和鋁離子作用後會與表面的羰基(carbony1)和烴基(alkyl)鍵結，產生螢光內濾效應 (Inner Filter Effect, IFE)，使整體螢光強度下降。當溶液中的鋁離子濃度與螢光強度呈負相關。本篇電化學分析方法，首先使用循環伏安法確定電壓位置 -1.0 ~ -3.0 V的範圍內有電流峰變化。對此電流峰做進一步的研究，確認這段電化學反應的特性。之後使用微分脈衝伏安法對電流峰做更仔細的電流峰分辨，以達到更精確的定量結果。當中電化學方法得到最佳的定量範圍為0.05 ~ 6080 ppm (0.2 μM ~ 25 mM)，最高的R2 = 0.9963，檢測極限0.29 ppm，定量極限0.88 ppm。後續實際樣品分析使用標準添加法來計算採樣來的水中鋁離子含量，並與螢光和高效液相層析分析結果做比較。 使用GC-MS分析了13種不同種類的精油，確認精油中具有生物活性的化合物。氣相層析採用內層薄膜為5%苯基-95%甲基聚矽氧烷的管柱，柱長30米，內徑0.25毫米，膜厚0.25微米，在最佳溫度條件下進行。這次報告了4種具有神經保護作用的重要化合物，分別為D-檸檬烯(D-Limonene)、芳樟醇(Linalool)、桉葉油醇(Eucalyptol)和石竹烯(Caryophyllene)。這些具有神經保護特性的化合物可以在失智症的輔助治療中減緩疾病發展進程。這4種化合物每一種都具有額外的功效，如：抗憂鬱、抗焦慮或抗傷害等其他作用，有助於患者保持情緒穩定。其中的9種精油因富含四種重要化合物之一而被認為輔助治療失智症的潛力候選精油，包括：佛手柑、甜橙、檸檬、葡萄柚、馬鞭草、薰衣草、苦橙葉、迷迭香和尤加利精油。
並列摘要
This study utilizes fluorescent carbon dots as matrix materials for electrochemical and optical analysis of heavy metal ion concentrations in water. By leveraging the distinct reaction mechanisms of electrochemical and fluorescence analysis, the study aims to quantify Al3+ content in water and cross-verify the results. The World Health Organization (WHO) stipulates that aluminum ion concentration in water should not exceed 0.15 ppm, while the Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan sets this limit at 0.2 ppm. Carbon dots exhibit photoluminescence properties, and the presence of aluminum ions causes a decrease in fluorescence known as inner filter effect (IFE) due to the attachment of the ions to carbonyl and alkyl groups on the carbon dots' surface. Consequently, the concentration of aluminum ions in the solution is inversely proportional to the fluorescence intensity. In the electrochemical analysis, cyclic voltammetry was first used to identify voltage positions within the range of -1.0 to -3.0 V where changes in current peaks were observed. Further investigation of these current peaks confirmed the characteristics of the electrochemical reaction. Differential pulse voltammetry was subsequently used to achieve a more precise resolution of the current peaks, leading to more accurate quantification results. The optimal quantification range for the electrochemical method was determined to be 0.05 to 6080 ppm (0.2 μM to 25 mM), with a maximum R² value of 0.9963, a detection limit of 0.29 ppm, and a quantification limit of 0.88 ppm. For actual sample analysis, the standard addition method was used to calculate Al3+ content in aqueous samples, with comparisons made to fluorescence and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results. 13 different types of essential oils were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the compounds that are biologically active. The chromatographic analysis was done using a column coated with 5% phenyl- 95% methyl polysiloxane, with dimensions of 30 meters in length and 0.25 millimeters in internal diameter, with a film thickness of 0.25 micrometers, under optimal temperature conditions.Four essential compounds with neuroprotective properties derived from 13 sample oils are reported here: D-limonene, linalool, eucalyptol, and caryophyllene. These neuroprotective compounds can potentially slow the progression of dementia when used as adjunctive treatments. Each of these four compounds exhibits additional benefits, such as antidepressant, anxiolytic, or analgesic effects, which contribute to emotional stability in patients. Furthermore, nine essential oils emerged as potential candidates to treat dementia due to their high content of one of four important compounds, including bergamot, sweet orange, lemon, grapefruit, verbena, lavender, bitter orange leaf, rosemary, and eucalyptus essential oils.
參考文獻
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